Tag Wise Current Affairs
Tag: Tackling Security Threats
PM Narendra Modi chairs National Security Council meeting
Tags: Defence & Security, Tackling Security Threats
Published on: 04 March 2019
India is hub for illicit drug trade: UNODC
Tags: Tackling Security Threats
Published on: 07 March 2019
J&K Government proposes draft of return policy for militants
Tags: Tackling Security Threats
Published on: 11 March 2019
Government constitutes Multi-Disciplinary Terror Monitoring Group for J&K
Tags: Tackling Security Threats, Security Threats
Published on: 30 March 2019
Sri Lanka bans preaching religious, radical ideologies glorifying terrorism
Tags: Defence & Security, Tackling Security Threats
Published on: 04 May 2019
Wilayah of Hind: IS for first time claims province in India
Tags: Tackling Security Threats
Published on: 13 May 2019
Intel agencies network, NATGRID to go live soon
Tags: Tackling Security Threats
Published on: 20 November 2019
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'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Prime Minister Narendra Modi chaired meeting of National Security Council (NSC) in national capital New Delhi amid heightened tensions between India and Pakistan.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was attended by Home Minister Rajnath Singh, Finance Minister Arun Jaitley, External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj and Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman. Besides the union ministers, National Security Advisor Ajit Doval and Foreign Secretary Vijay Gokhle also attended.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Background</span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Tensions between India and Pakistan soared after Indian Air Force carried out non-military preemptive strike on terrorist organization Jaish-e-Mohammed’s biggest training camp across in Balakot deep inside Pakistan based on credible intelligence. The Pakistan based terror group had claimed responsibility for 14th February 2019 Pulwama suicide terror attack in which 40 CRPF soldiers lost their lives. In response to India's air strike, Pakistan Air Force planes had intruded Indian territory and tried to target military installations.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">National Security Council (NSC) </span></strong></span></span></p>
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<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It is apex body for national security management system in India. It is executive government agency tasked with advising Prime Minister's Office on matters of national security and strategic interest. </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was established on 19 November 1998 by then Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee with Brajesh Mishra as the first National Security Advisor (NSA).</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Prior to the formation of NSC, these activities on national security and strategic interests were overseen by Principal Secretary to Prime Minister.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Composition:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> Prime Minister is its ex-officio Chairman. Its members include National Security Advisor (NSA), Deputy NSAs, Ministers of Defence, External Affairs, Home, Finance, Deputy Chairman of the NITI Aayog. Other members may be invited to attend its monthly meetings, as and when required.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Organisational structure:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It has three-tiered structure viz.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Strategic Policy Group: </span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It is first level of the three tier structure. It forms the nucleus of the decision-making apparatus of the NSC. National Security Advisor is its chairman.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">National Security Advisory Board: </span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It consists of group of eminent national security experts outside of government. </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Its members are usually senior retired officials, civilian as well as military, academics and distinguished members of civil society having expertise in Internal and External Security, Foreign Affairs, Defence, Science and Technology and Economic Affairs.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It provides long-term prognosis and analysis to NSC and recommends solutions and address policy issues referred to it.<strong> </strong></span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC): </span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It analyses intelligence data from Intelligence Bureau, Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) and Directorates of Military, Naval and Air Intelligence. Its own Secretariat works under Cabinet Secretariat.</span></span></span></li>
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'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">According to recent report released by United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC), India is one of major hubs of illicit drug trade. The illegal drugs in India ranges from age-old cannabis to newer prescription drugs like tramadol and designer drugs like methamphetamine.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Highlights of UNODC Report </span></strong></span></span></p>
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<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">More than 1,000 drug listings from India are published across 50 online crypto-market platforms.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">India is also transit country for illicitly produced opiates, in particular heroin. The route used by traffickers to smuggle opiates through South Asia is alternative part of so-called southern route, which runs through Pakistan or Iran, via Gulf countries, continues to East Africa and on to destination countries. </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">India, Australia, France and Turkey accounted for 83% of global production of morphine-rich opiate raw materials in 2017. </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">India produced 66 tonnes of opium in all forms, including morphine. Only 10% of available morphine was directly consumed for pain management, and up to 88% was converted into codeine which is used to manufacture cough medication.</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC)</span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It is global leader in fight against illicit drugs and international crime. It operates in all regions of world through an extensive network of field offices.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was established in 1997 by merging of UN Drug Control Programme and Centre for International Crime Prevention. It is headquartered in Vienna, Austria.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It is mandated to assist member states in their struggle against illicit drugs, crime and terrorism.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It relies on voluntary contributions, mainly from Governments, for 90% of its budget.</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Three pillars of UNODC work programme </span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Conduct field-based technical cooperation projects for capacity building of member states to counteract illicit drugs, crime and terrorism.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Conduct research and analytical work to increase knowledge and understanding of drugs and crime issues and expand evidence base for policy and operational decisions.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Assist states in ratification and implementation of relevant international treaties, the development of domestic legislation on drugs, crime and terrorism etc.</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
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'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Jammu &Kashmir (J&K) Government has proposed draft Reintegration Policy for militants in the states to encourage them to give up arms and join mainstream. It is presently under pre- State Administrative Council (SAC) stage consideration and is subject to clearance by State Home Department and Chief Secretary.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">SAC is the body governing J&K, which is under President’s rule. It is led by Governor Satya Pal Malik and includes his four advisors and Chief Secretary.</span></em></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Features of Proposed Draft Reintegration Policy</span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It addresses need for rehabilitation at a policy level through two-pronged approach: reformative measures and opportunities of livelihood. </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It also has provision for monthly stipend of Rs 6,000 for militant who surrenders with view to encourage him to join the mainstream. </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It will however not cover militants found to have been involved in “heinous crimes.</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Comment </span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">The proposed Reintegration Policy is essentially revised version of earlier initiatives but with renewed focus on socio-economic re-integration of militants and government’s will to reach out to alienated youth.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">The successful implementation of surrender policy is of utmost importance in J&K as there are large number of surrendered or released militants (around 25,000). </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">The successful rehabilitation of hardcore surrendered or released militants will motivate others to follow suit.</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Previous J&K Rehabilitation Policies</span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">2004 Rehabilitation policy</span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was implemented by the PDP government under Mufti Mohammad Sayeed. </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It sought to provide facility to those terrorists who undergo a change of heart and eschew path of violence and who also accept integrity of India and Indian Constitution to encourage them to join mainstream and lead a normal life.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It had provisions to provide vocational training for militants who surrender if they wished to pursue trade, and monthly stipend of Rs 2,000 for the first three years.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It also had provision for establishment of counselling centres where all returnees along with their wives and children will be lodged for period of three months or for such longer time as would be necessary.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">However, these counselling centres were never established and no one returning to mainstream was committed to counselling. </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">However, this policy was successful in motivating militants to return.</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">2010 Rehabilitation policy</span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It focused on facilitating return of ex-militants from J&K who had crossed over between January 1989 and December 2009 for training but later gave up insurgent activities due to change of heart and are willing, to return to the state.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was aimed at initiating reconciliation and institutional-level integration of people who left or joined armed groups.</span></span></span></li>
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'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Union Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has constituted eight memnber Multi-Disciplinary Terror Monitoring Group (MDTMG) for Jammu and Kashmir. It aims to ensure concerted action against terror financing and other terror related activities in J&K and bring them to a logical conclusion. It will meet on weekly basis and submit its action report regularly.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Members of MDTMG</span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It will be headed by Additional Director General of Police (CID) of J&K Police. Its member will have representatives from J&K Police, Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), Intelligence Bureau (IB), National Investigation Agency (NIA), Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) and Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Terms of Reference of MDTMG</span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Identify all key persons including leaders of organisations who are involved in supporting terrorism in any form. </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Take action against hardcore supporters among government employees including teachers who are providing support to terror activities. </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Take coordinated action in all terror registered cases, terror financing and terror-related activities and bring them to logical conclusion.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Investigate networks of various channels being used to fund terror and terror-related activities and will undertake action to stop flow of such funds.</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
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'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Government of Sri Lanka has issued orders to ban any person from preaching religious, extremist or radical ideologies that glorify terrorism. It also banned any foreigner from preaching any such ideology and few persons involved in it have been deported. Following the order, peace TV owned by controversial Indian Muslim Cleric Zakir Naik has been banned and taken off the air by all cable and satellite networks. Peace TV channel already is banned in several countries including India. This decision of Sri Lankan government comes as part of series of measure after April 21, 2019 Easter bombings including banning few fundamentalist organizations and ban any form of face covering in public including use of burqa.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Easter bombings</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">On 21 April 2019, Easter Sunday, three Christian churches in Sri Lanka and three luxury hotels in Colombo city were targeted in series of coordinated terrorist suicide bombings. It had killed 253 people (majority are Sri Lankans) including at least 42 foreign nationals. The church bombings were carried out during Easter services in Batticaloa, Negombo and Colombo. The seven of suicide bombers in attacks were citizen of Sri Lanka associated with local militant Islamist group- National Thowheeth Jamaath (NTJ) with suspected foreign ties. It is alleged that these suicide bombers were part of local module of ISIS seeking revenge for New Zealand mosque attack. Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL or ISIS) also has claimed responsibility of attack through Amaq News Agency, its propaganda outlet.</span></span></span></span></p>
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'title' => 'Wilayah of Hind: IS for first time claims province in India',
'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Terror organization Islamic State (IS) has claimed for the first time that it has established “province” in India called “Wilayah of Hind” (Hind or India Province). The first of its kind announcement by this dreaded terror outfit comes after clashes between militants and security forces in Kashmir on May 10, 2019. </span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">This low key announcement was made thorough Amaq News Agency, mouthpiece of IS. It did not elaborate on IS’s geographical remit. It also claimed that group has inflicted casualties on Indian army soldiers in town of Amshipora in Shopian district of Kashmir. </span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">ISIS’s statement corresponds with recent J&K police statement that militant called Ishfaq Ahmad Sofi was killed in an encounter in Shopian. According to military officials, Sofi was involved in several militant groups in Kashmir for more than a decade before pledging allegiance to Islamic State.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Absurd claim </span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">According to Indian security experts, establishment of province by IS in a region where it has nothing resembling actual governance is absurd, but it should not be written off. It is merely a "pure propaganda" to bolster its standing after the group was driven from its self-styled “caliphate” in Iraq and Syria in April 2019. </span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Though separatists in J&K have for decades fought armed conflict against Indian rule in Kashmir. The majority of these groups want independence for Kashmir or to join Pakistan and they have not, like Islamic State, sought to establish an empire across the Muslim world.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Comment</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">This low key announcement by ISIS is seen as part of its strategy to give the impression of strengthening its global affiliations following territorial losses in the Middle East. Such strategy was highlighted by ISIS chief Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi in the past.</span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">This is not first instance ISIS claiming attacks against Indian security forces in Kashmir. It has been claiming it since November 2017 without any branch affiliation.</span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Prevously, ISIS attacks in Kashmir were linked to its so-called Khorasan Province branch, which was set up in 2015 to cover "Afghanistan, Pakistan and nearby lands".</span></span></span></span></li>
</ul>
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'title' => 'Abhyas-HEAT successfully test fired',
'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has successfully conducted flight test of 'Abhyas', a high-speed expendable aerial target (HEAT). The flight test was conducted at Interim Test Range, Chandipur (Balasore) in Odisha. During the test, it was tracked by various radars and electro-optic systems. The test proved that its performance in fully autonomous waypoint navigation mode</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Abhyas-HEAT</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It is drone designed for autonomous flying with help of an autopilot. It offers a realistic threat scenario for practice of weapon systems.</span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Its configuration is designed on an in-line small gas turbine engine. It uses indigenously developed micro-electro-mechanical systems-based system (MEMS) for navigation and guidance. </span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It also has an acoustic miss distance indicator (AMDI) to indicate the missed distance. It is also fitted with Luneburg lens in the nose cone which improves the radar cross-section of the target for weapons practice.</span></span></span></span></li>
</ul>
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'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats',
'id' => (int) 1101,
'title' => 'MHA extends ban on LTTE for 5 years',
'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Union Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has extended ban on Tamil militant group- Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) for another five years. The ban was extended under sub-sections (1) and (3) of Section 3 of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (37 of 1967) with immediate effect by declaring LTTE as an Unlawful Association. LTTE was banned by India under UAPA after it had assassinated former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in 1991. The last ban on it was extended for 5 years in 2014.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Reasons for extension of ban</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">LTTE has “strong anti-India posture” and “grave threat to security of Indian nationals”. Its disruptive activities are prejudicial to integrity of India and poses a grave threat to the security of Indian nationals.</span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Even after its military defeat in May 2009 in Sri Lanka, it has not abandoned concept of Eelam and is still undertaking fundraising and propaganda activities for its cause in Europe. The pro-LTTE groups and Tamil chauvinist groups patronized by it still continue to foster separatist tendency amongst masses in India particularly in southern state of Tamil Nadu. </span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">The activities of LTTE remnant cadres and supporters have been traced out recently by security agencies in Tamil Nadu. It is spreading anti-India feeling amongst Sri Lankan Tamils through articles in the Internet portals by holding Government of India responsible for the defeat of the LTTE.</span></span></span></span></li>
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<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It is terror outfit based in Sri Lanka. It was founded in 1976 by Velupillai Prabhakaran with the goal of creating independent Tamil Eelam out of Sri Lanka. Its objective is to secure independent homeland for all Tamils Eelam in Sri Lanka. Once it had territorial hold in north and east of Sri Lanka (areas comprising Tamil Majority). It was defeated in 2009 by Sri Lankan Army and its founder Velupillai Prabhakaran was killed in the fighting.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It is India’s primary anti-terror law that provide for more effective prevention of certain unlawful activities of individuals and associations, and for dealing with terrorist activities, and for matters connected therewith.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Section 3 of the UAPA</span></span></strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">: It deals with declaration of an association as unlawful. It gives necessary powers to Government to make such declaration on grounds it may consider necessary. Organisations banned by Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) under Section 3 of the UAPA are listed in the First Schedule of the Act.</span></span></span></span></p>
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'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats',
'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats',
'id' => (int) 2456,
'title' => 'Maritime data sharing',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The Information Fusion Centre - Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR) set up last year has started functioning as an information sharing hub of maritime data and security situations.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The IFC-IOR was inaugurated in December 2018 within the premises of the Navy’s Information Management and Analysis Centre (IMAC) in Gurugram.The IMAC is the single point centre linking all the coastal radar chains to generate a seamless real-time picture of the nearly 7,500-km coastline.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The major centres with which regular exchange of maritime security information is being undertaken include <strong>Virtual Regional Maritime Traffic Centre</strong> (VRMTC), <strong>Maritime Security Centre - Horn of Africa</strong>(MSCHOA),<strong> Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery </strong>(ReCAAP), <strong>Information Fusion Centre-Singapore</strong> (IFC-SG), and <strong>International Maritime Bureau - Piracy Reporting Centre</strong> (IMB PRC).</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Several Indian Ocean littoral states have joined the coastal radar chain network. These include Maldives, Mauritius, Sri Lanka and Seychelles. Bangladesh is set to join the network and talks are on with Thailand as well.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The centre will host liaison officers from partner countries and the infrastructure to house them will be set up.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The exchange of information will be undertaken by virtual means, using telephone calls, faxes, emails and video conferencing over Internet.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Maritime security</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Maritime Security is a concept related to the sea is often associated with four domains: </span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>National security</strong>: The traditional use of naval military power to defend commercial shipping lanes and the national territory.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Marine environment</strong>: Concerning environmental and safety regulation regarding marine pollution and health protection.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Economic development</strong>: Includes trade by sea, the exploitation of oil and other non-living resources, as well as fisheries.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Human Security:</strong> The absence of security (insecurity) of individuals, people in communities, or citizens of states.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Importance of Maritime security</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Protecting economic resources of a country from foreign intrusion such as fishing, mining etc.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Protecting coastal borders of the country from threats suuch as terrorists, illegal migrants, smugglers.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Tracking naval and commercial ships and handling their security.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Protecting trade routes from threats such as piracy, kidnapping etc.</span></span></p>
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'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats',
'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats',
'id' => (int) 2652,
'title' => 'Nagas and NSCN (IM)',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Naga interlocutor R.N. Ravi said that discussions to finalise the Naga accord continue and the <strong>National Socialist Council of Nagaland </strong>(Isak-Muivah) [NSCN-IM] had come on board.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Mr. Ravi had told<em> </em>that the Naga peace process will conclude by October 31 adding that there would be no separate flag or constitution for the Nagas as being demanded by NSCN-IM.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">He had also accused the NSCN-IM of delaying the talks to find a solution to the decades-old Naga issue.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The NSCN-IM has been fighting for ‘Greater Nagaland’ or Nagalim, where it wants to extend Nagaland’s borders by including Naga-dominated areas in neighbouring Assam, Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh to unite 1.2 million Nagas. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The Centre has however, ruled out any disintegration of the States of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Manipur in order to merge the Naga-inhabited areas with the existing State of Nagaland.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Naga issue</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The Naga insurgency, climaxing in 1956, was an armed ethnic conflict led by the Naga National Council (NNC) which aimed for the secession of Naga territories from India.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The more radical sectors of NNC created the Federal Government of Nagaland (FGN) which also included an underground Naga Army.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>NSCN</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The National Socialist Council of Nagaland (abbreviated NSCN) is a Naga nationalist separatist group operating mainly in Northeast India, with minor activities in northwest Myanmar (Burma) until 2012.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The main goal of the organisation is to establish a sovereign Naga state, "Nagalim", which would consist of all the areas inhabited by the Naga people in Northeast India and Northwest Myanmar. The group is currently fighting for independence of Nagaland from India.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
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'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats',
'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats',
'id' => (int) 2841,
'title' => 'Intel agencies network, NATGRID to go live soon',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The ambitious National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) project will be operational by December 31, 2020, according to the officials.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The NATGRID project is an online database for collating scattered pieces of information and putting them together on one platform.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The NATGRID will enable multiple security and intelligence agencies to access a database related to immigration entry and exit, banking and telephone details, among others, from a common platform.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">At least 10 Central government agencies, such as the Intelligence Bureau, Research and Analysis Wing and others will have access to the data on a secured platform.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The NATGRID is exempted from the Right to Information Act, 2005 under sub-section (2) of Section 24.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The NATGRID links intelligence and investigation agencies. The 10 user agencies will be linked independently with certain databases which will be procured from 21 providing organisations including telecom, tax records, bank, immigration etc. to generate intelligence inputs.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The NATGRID is essentially a tool that enables security agencies to locate and obtain relevant information on terror suspects from pooled data of various organisations and services in the country. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">It will help identify, capture and prosecute terrorists and help preempt terrorist plots.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In the first phase, 10 user agencies and 21 service providers will be connected, while in later phases about 950 additional organisations will be connected. In subsequent years, over 1,000 additional organisations will be connected.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
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'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats',
'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats',
'id' => (int) 3492,
'title' => 'Anti-Satellite missile (ASAT)',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">India showcased its Anti-Satellite (ASAT) missile capability to the world as the ASAT weapon from Mission Shakthi was unveilled on Republic Day.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">A DRDO marching contingent displayed the ASAT missile along with a second equipment, the Air Defence Tactical Control Radar (ADTCR).</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Anti-satellite weapons (ASAT) are space weapons designed to incapacitate or destroy satellites for strategic military purposes. Several nations possess operational ASAT systems. </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Although no ASAT system has yet been utilised in warfare, a few nations have shot down their own satellites to demonstrate their ASAT capabilities in a show of force. Only the United States, Russia, China, and India have demonstrated this capability successfully.</span></span></p>
</li>
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<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Mission Shakti</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">India conducted Mission Shakti, an anti-satellite missile test, from the Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam Island launch complex. This was a technological mission carried out by DRDO. The satellite used in the mission was one of India’s existing satellites operating in lower orbit.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The significance of the test is that India has tested and successfully demonstrated its capability to interdict and intercept a satellite in outer space based on complete indigenous technology.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The capability achieved through the Anti-Satellite missile test provides credible deterrence against threats to our growing space-based assets from long range missiles, and proliferation in the types and numbers of missiles.</span></span></p>
</li>
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<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Weaponisation of space</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The principal international Treaty on space is the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. India is a signatory to this treaty, and ratified it in 1982. The Outer Space Treaty prohibits only weapons of mass destruction in outer space, not ordinary weapons.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">India supported UNGA resolution 69/32 on No First Placement of Weapons on Outer Space. Equally, India supports the substantive consideration of the issue of Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space (PAROS) in the Conference on Disarmament where it has been on the agenda since 1982.</span></span><br />
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<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">India showcased its Anti-Satellite (ASAT) missile capability to the world as the ASAT weapon from Mission Shakthi was unveilled on Republic Day.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">A DRDO marching contingent displayed the ASAT missile along with a second equipment, the Air Defence Tactical Control Radar (ADTCR).</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Anti-satellite weapons (ASAT) are space weapons designed to incapacitate or destroy satellites for strategic military purposes. Several nations possess operational ASAT systems. </span></span></p>
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<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">India conducted Mission Shakti, an anti-satellite missile test, from the Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam Island launch complex. This was a technological mission carried out by DRDO. The satellite used in the mission was one of India’s existing satellites operating in lower orbit.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The significance of the test is that India has tested and successfully demonstrated its capability to interdict and intercept a satellite in outer space based on complete indigenous technology.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The capability achieved through the Anti-Satellite missile test provides credible deterrence against threats to our growing space-based assets from long range missiles, and proliferation in the types and numbers of missiles.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Weaponisation of space</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
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</li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">India supported UNGA resolution 69/32 on No First Placement of Weapons on Outer Space. Equally, India supports the substantive consideration of the issue of Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space (PAROS) in the Conference on Disarmament where it has been on the agenda since 1982.</span></span><br />
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topic current affairs for all the govt exams preparation with best studyiq faculties and also get free ecology topic pdf on daily basis ', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'cacategories' } ] $breadcrumb = [ (int) 0 => [ 'name' => 'Home', 'link' => 'https://currentaffairs.studyiq.com/' ], (int) 1 => [ 'name' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'link' => 'https://currentaffairs.studyiq.com/tags/tackling-security-threats' ] ] $currentaffairs = [ (int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 324, 'title' => 'PM Narendra Modi chairs National Security Council meeting', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Prime Minister Narendra Modi chaired meeting of National Security Council (NSC) in national capital New Delhi amid heightened tensions between India and Pakistan.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was attended by Home Minister Rajnath Singh, Finance Minister Arun Jaitley, External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj and Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman. Besides the union ministers, National Security Advisor Ajit Doval and Foreign Secretary Vijay Gokhle also attended.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Background</span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Tensions between India and Pakistan soared after Indian Air Force carried out non-military preemptive strike on terrorist organization Jaish-e-Mohammed’s biggest training camp across in Balakot deep inside Pakistan based on credible intelligence. The Pakistan based terror group had claimed responsibility for 14th February 2019 Pulwama suicide terror attack in which 40 CRPF soldiers lost their lives. In response to India's air strike, Pakistan Air Force planes had intruded Indian territory and tried to target military installations.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">National Security Council (NSC) </span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It is apex body for national security management system in India. It is executive government agency tasked with advising Prime Minister's Office on matters of national security and strategic interest. </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was established on 19 November 1998 by then Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee with Brajesh Mishra as the first National Security Advisor (NSA).</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Prior to the formation of NSC, these activities on national security and strategic interests were overseen by Principal Secretary to Prime Minister.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Composition:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> Prime Minister is its ex-officio Chairman. Its members include National Security Advisor (NSA), Deputy NSAs, Ministers of Defence, External Affairs, Home, Finance, Deputy Chairman of the NITI Aayog. Other members may be invited to attend its monthly meetings, as and when required.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Organisational structure:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It has three-tiered structure viz.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Strategic Policy Group: </span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It is first level of the three tier structure. It forms the nucleus of the decision-making apparatus of the NSC. National Security Advisor is its chairman.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">National Security Advisory Board: </span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It consists of group of eminent national security experts outside of government. </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Its members are usually senior retired officials, civilian as well as military, academics and distinguished members of civil society having expertise in Internal and External Security, Foreign Affairs, Defence, Science and Technology and Economic Affairs.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It provides long-term prognosis and analysis to NSC and recommends solutions and address policy issues referred to it.<strong> </strong></span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC): </span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It analyses intelligence data from Intelligence Bureau, Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) and Directorates of Military, Naval and Air Intelligence. Its own Secretariat works under Cabinet Secretariat.</span></span></span></li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'modi-national-security-council-meeting', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/ed3f/2l17ez11bz9e2q86g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/ed3f/2l17ez11bz9e2q86g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'PM Modi chairs National Security Council meeting', 'metakeyword' => 'In National Current Affairs, Prime Minister Narendra Modi, chairs, National Security Council ,NSC, meeting, national capital, New Delhi, heightened tensions, India-Pakistan ', 'metadescription' => 'Prime Minister Narendra Modi chaired meeting of National Security Council (NSC) in national capital New Delhi amid heightened tensions between India and Pakistan', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'http://www.mediafire.com/file/n92z71ueg4rf8vb/4Mar_PM_Narendra_Modi_chairs.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 379, 'title' => 'India is hub for illicit drug trade: UNODC ', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">According to recent report released by United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC), India is one of major hubs of illicit drug trade. The illegal drugs in India ranges from age-old cannabis to newer prescription drugs like tramadol and designer drugs like methamphetamine.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Highlights of UNODC Report </span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Global trend of purchasing drugs over internet, particularly on darknet trading platforms using cryptocurrencies has spread across South Asia and is particularly rampant in India.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">More than 1,000 drug listings from India are published across 50 online crypto-market platforms.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">India is also transit country for illicitly produced opiates, in particular heroin. The route used by traffickers to smuggle opiates through South Asia is alternative part of so-called southern route, which runs through Pakistan or Iran, via Gulf countries, continues to East Africa and on to destination countries. </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">India, Australia, France and Turkey accounted for 83% of global production of morphine-rich opiate raw materials in 2017. </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">India produced 66 tonnes of opium in all forms, including morphine. Only 10% of available morphine was directly consumed for pain management, and up to 88% was converted into codeine which is used to manufacture cough medication.</span></span></span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC)</span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It is global leader in fight against illicit drugs and international crime. It operates in all regions of world through an extensive network of field offices.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was established in 1997 by merging of UN Drug Control Programme and Centre for International Crime Prevention. It is headquartered in Vienna, Austria.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It is mandated to assist member states in their struggle against illicit drugs, crime and terrorism.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It relies on voluntary contributions, mainly from Governments, for 90% of its budget.</span></span></span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Three pillars of UNODC work programme </span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Conduct field-based technical cooperation projects for capacity building of member states to counteract illicit drugs, crime and terrorism.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Conduct research and analytical work to increase knowledge and understanding of drugs and crime issues and expand evidence base for policy and operational decisions.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Assist states in ratification and implementation of relevant international treaties, the development of domestic legislation on drugs, crime and terrorism etc.</span></span></span></li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'india-hub-illicit-drug-trade-unodc', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/8688/gbyd41c6384g9gy6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/8688/gbyd41c6384g9gy6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'India is hub for illicit drug trade: UNODC ', 'metakeyword' => 'In Security Current Affairs, India, one of, major hubs,illicit drug trade,UNODC,United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime', 'metadescription' => 'India is one of major hubs of illicit drug trade. The drugs ranges from age-old cannabis to newer prescription drugs like tramadol and designer drugs like methamphetamine.', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'http://www.mediafire.com/file/lva2m3ar2iuplqj/7Mar_India_is_hub_for_illicit_drug_trade.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 414, 'title' => 'J&K Government proposes draft of return policy for militants', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Jammu &Kashmir (J&K) Government has proposed draft Reintegration Policy for militants in the states to encourage them to give up arms and join mainstream. It is presently under pre- State Administrative Council (SAC) stage consideration and is subject to clearance by State Home Department and Chief Secretary.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><em><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">SAC is the body governing J&K, which is under President’s rule. It is led by Governor Satya Pal Malik and includes his four advisors and Chief Secretary.</span></em></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Features of Proposed Draft Reintegration Policy</span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It addresses need for rehabilitation at a policy level through two-pronged approach: reformative measures and opportunities of livelihood. </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It also has provision for monthly stipend of Rs 6,000 for militant who surrenders with view to encourage him to join the mainstream. </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It will however not cover militants found to have been involved in “heinous crimes.</span></span></span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Comment </span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">The proposed Reintegration Policy is essentially revised version of earlier initiatives but with renewed focus on socio-economic re-integration of militants and government’s will to reach out to alienated youth.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">The successful implementation of surrender policy is of utmost importance in J&K as there are large number of surrendered or released militants (around 25,000). </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">The successful rehabilitation of hardcore surrendered or released militants will motivate others to follow suit.</span></span></span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Previous J&K Rehabilitation Policies</span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">2004 Rehabilitation policy</span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was implemented by the PDP government under Mufti Mohammad Sayeed. </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It sought to provide facility to those terrorists who undergo a change of heart and eschew path of violence and who also accept integrity of India and Indian Constitution to encourage them to join mainstream and lead a normal life.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It had provisions to provide vocational training for militants who surrender if they wished to pursue trade, and monthly stipend of Rs 2,000 for the first three years.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It also had provision for establishment of counselling centres where all returnees along with their wives and children will be lodged for period of three months or for such longer time as would be necessary.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">However, these counselling centres were never established and no one returning to mainstream was committed to counselling. </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">However, this policy was successful in motivating militants to return.</span></span></span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">2010 Rehabilitation policy</span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It focused on facilitating return of ex-militants from J&K who had crossed over between January 1989 and December 2009 for training but later gave up insurgent activities due to change of heart and are willing, to return to the state.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was aimed at initiating reconciliation and institutional-level integration of people who left or joined armed groups.</span></span></span></li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'jk-draft-return-policy-for-militants', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/b843/2d4095iedae11ge6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/b843/2d4095iedae11ge6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'J&K Government proposes draft of return policy for militants', 'metakeyword' => 'In Security Current Affairs, Jammu &Kashmir (J&K) Government has proposed draft Reintegration Policy for militants in the states to encourage them to give up arms and join mainstream.', 'metadescription' => 'Jammu &Kashmir (J&K) Government has proposed draft Reintegration Policy for militants in the states to encourage them to give up arms and join mainstream. ', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/0nn28i8c5iecpi9/11Mar_J%26K_Government_proposes_draft.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 588, 'title' => 'Government constitutes Multi-Disciplinary Terror Monitoring Group for J&K', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Union Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has constituted eight memnber Multi-Disciplinary Terror Monitoring Group (MDTMG) for Jammu and Kashmir. It aims to ensure concerted action against terror financing and other terror related activities in J&K and bring them to a logical conclusion. It will meet on weekly basis and submit its action report regularly.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Members of MDTMG</span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It will be headed by Additional Director General of Police (CID) of J&K Police. Its member will have representatives from J&K Police, Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), Intelligence Bureau (IB), National Investigation Agency (NIA), Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) and Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Terms of Reference of MDTMG</span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Identify all key persons including leaders of organisations who are involved in supporting terrorism in any form. </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Take action against hardcore supporters among government employees including teachers who are providing support to terror activities. </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Take coordinated action in all terror registered cases, terror financing and terror-related activities and bring them to logical conclusion.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Investigate networks of various channels being used to fund terror and terror-related activities and will undertake action to stop flow of such funds.</span></span></span></li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'govt-constitutes-multi-disciplinary-terror-monitoring-group-jk', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/3fb0/orazy7j0mqlacng6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/3fb0/orazy7j0mqlacng6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Constitutes Multi-Disciplinary Terror Monitoring Group for J&K', 'metakeyword' => 'In National Current Affairs, Ministry of Home Affairs, MHA, constituted, eight memnber, Multi-Disciplinary Terror Monitoring Group, MDTMG, Jammu and Kashmir', 'metadescription' => 'Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has constituted eight memnber Multi-Disciplinary Terror Monitoring Group (MDTMG) for Jammu and Kashmir', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/jr1sbo37v7rbaot/Government_constitutes_Multi-Disciplinary.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 1009, 'title' => 'Sri Lanka bans preaching religious, radical ideologies glorifying terrorism', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Government of Sri Lanka has issued orders to ban any person from preaching religious, extremist or radical ideologies that glorify terrorism. It also banned any foreigner from preaching any such ideology and few persons involved in it have been deported. Following the order, peace TV owned by controversial Indian Muslim Cleric Zakir Naik has been banned and taken off the air by all cable and satellite networks. Peace TV channel already is banned in several countries including India. This decision of Sri Lankan government comes as part of series of measure after April 21, 2019 Easter bombings including banning few fundamentalist organizations and ban any form of face covering in public including use of burqa.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Easter bombings</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">On 21 April 2019, Easter Sunday, three Christian churches in Sri Lanka and three luxury hotels in Colombo city were targeted in series of coordinated terrorist suicide bombings. It had killed 253 people (majority are Sri Lankans) including at least 42 foreign nationals. The church bombings were carried out during Easter services in Batticaloa, Negombo and Colombo. The seven of suicide bombers in attacks were citizen of Sri Lanka associated with local militant Islamist group- National Thowheeth Jamaath (NTJ) with suspected foreign ties. It is alleged that these suicide bombers were part of local module of ISIS seeking revenge for New Zealand mosque attack. Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL or ISIS) also has claimed responsibility of attack through Amaq News Agency, its propaganda outlet.</span></span></span></span></p> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'sri-lanka-bans-preaching-religious-radical-ideologies', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/ef38/g7nw01ggy1h4plt6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/ef38/g7nw01ggy1h4plt6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Sri Lanka bans preaching religious, radical ideologies ', 'metakeyword' => 'In Security Current Affairs, Sri Lanka Government, bans, any person,preaching religious, extremist or radical ideologies, glorify terrorism, Easter Bombings', 'metadescription' => 'Government of Sri Lanka has issued orders to ban any person from preaching religious, extremist or radical ideologies that glorify terrorism', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/ng0hw0zdngzfwnc/Sri_Lanka_bans.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 1082, 'title' => 'Wilayah of Hind: IS for first time claims province in India', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Terror organization Islamic State (IS) has claimed for the first time that it has established “province” in India called “Wilayah of Hind” (Hind or India Province). The first of its kind announcement by this dreaded terror outfit comes after clashes between militants and security forces in Kashmir on May 10, 2019. </span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">This low key announcement was made thorough Amaq News Agency, mouthpiece of IS. It did not elaborate on IS’s geographical remit. It also claimed that group has inflicted casualties on Indian army soldiers in town of Amshipora in Shopian district of Kashmir. </span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">ISIS’s statement corresponds with recent J&K police statement that militant called Ishfaq Ahmad Sofi was killed in an encounter in Shopian. According to military officials, Sofi was involved in several militant groups in Kashmir for more than a decade before pledging allegiance to Islamic State.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Absurd claim </span></span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">According to Indian security experts, establishment of province by IS in a region where it has nothing resembling actual governance is absurd, but it should not be written off. It is merely a "pure propaganda" to bolster its standing after the group was driven from its self-styled “caliphate” in Iraq and Syria in April 2019. </span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Though separatists in J&K have for decades fought armed conflict against Indian rule in Kashmir. The majority of these groups want independence for Kashmir or to join Pakistan and they have not, like Islamic State, sought to establish an empire across the Muslim world.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Comment</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">This low key announcement by ISIS is seen as part of its strategy to give the impression of strengthening its global affiliations following territorial losses in the Middle East. Such strategy was highlighted by ISIS chief Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi in the past.</span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">This is not first instance ISIS claiming attacks against Indian security forces in Kashmir. It has been claiming it since November 2017 without any branch affiliation.</span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Prevously, ISIS attacks in Kashmir were linked to its so-called Khorasan Province branch, which was set up in 2015 to cover "Afghanistan, Pakistan and nearby lands".</span></span></span></span></li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'wilayah-of-hind-is-province-india', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/8216/z1o0v5u30zceakd6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/8216/z1o0v5u30zceakd6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'IS for first time claims province in India', 'metakeyword' => 'In Security Current Affairs, Terror organization, Islamic State, IS,first time, claims , established province, India, Wilayah of Hind, Hind Province, India Province ', 'metadescription' => 'Terror organization Islamic State (IS) has claimed for the first time that it has established “province†in India called “Wilayah of Hind†(Hind or India Province). ', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/73i8zpiikyitu4c/Wilayah_of_Hind.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 6 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 1092, 'title' => 'Abhyas-HEAT successfully test fired', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) has successfully conducted flight test of 'Abhyas', a high-speed expendable aerial target (HEAT). The flight test was conducted at Interim Test Range, Chandipur (Balasore) in Odisha. During the test, it was tracked by various radars and electro-optic systems. The test proved that its performance in fully autonomous waypoint navigation mode</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Abhyas-HEAT</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It is drone designed for autonomous flying with help of an autopilot. It offers a realistic threat scenario for practice of weapon systems.</span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Its configuration is designed on an in-line small gas turbine engine. It uses indigenously developed micro-electro-mechanical systems-based system (MEMS) for navigation and guidance. </span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It also has an acoustic miss distance indicator (AMDI) to indicate the missed distance. It is also fitted with Luneburg lens in the nose cone which improves the radar cross-section of the target for weapons practice.</span></span></span></span></li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'abhyas-heat-successfully-test-fired', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/3893/mbbm2luaj8w1oob6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/3893/mbbm2luaj8w1oob6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Abhyas-HEAT successfully test fired | Abhyas-HEAT', 'metakeyword' => 'In Defence Current Affairs, DRDO,successfully, conducted flight test, 'Abhyas', high-speed expendable aerial target (HEAT)', 'metadescription' => 'DRDO) has successfully conducted flight test of 'Abhyas', a high-speed expendable aerial target (HEAT', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/dvjnr7udwq1zpc6/Abhyas-HEAT.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 7 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 1101, 'title' => 'MHA extends ban on LTTE for 5 years', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Union Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has extended ban on Tamil militant group- Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) for another five years. The ban was extended under sub-sections (1) and (3) of Section 3 of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (37 of 1967) with immediate effect by declaring LTTE as an Unlawful Association. LTTE was banned by India under UAPA after it had assassinated former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in 1991. The last ban on it was extended for 5 years in 2014.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Reasons for extension of ban</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">LTTE has “strong anti-India posture” and “grave threat to security of Indian nationals”. Its disruptive activities are prejudicial to integrity of India and poses a grave threat to the security of Indian nationals.</span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Even after its military defeat in May 2009 in Sri Lanka, it has not abandoned concept of Eelam and is still undertaking fundraising and propaganda activities for its cause in Europe. The pro-LTTE groups and Tamil chauvinist groups patronized by it still continue to foster separatist tendency amongst masses in India particularly in southern state of Tamil Nadu. </span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">The activities of LTTE remnant cadres and supporters have been traced out recently by security agencies in Tamil Nadu. It is spreading anti-India feeling amongst Sri Lankan Tamils through articles in the Internet portals by holding Government of India responsible for the defeat of the LTTE.</span></span></span></span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It is terror outfit based in Sri Lanka. It was founded in 1976 by Velupillai Prabhakaran with the goal of creating independent Tamil Eelam out of Sri Lanka. Its objective is to secure independent homeland for all Tamils Eelam in Sri Lanka. Once it had territorial hold in north and east of Sri Lanka (areas comprising Tamil Majority). It was defeated in 2009 by Sri Lankan Army and its founder Velupillai Prabhakaran was killed in the fighting.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It is India’s primary anti-terror law that provide for more effective prevention of certain unlawful activities of individuals and associations, and for dealing with terrorist activities, and for matters connected therewith.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Section 3 of the UAPA</span></span></strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">: It deals with declaration of an association as unlawful. It gives necessary powers to Government to make such declaration on grounds it may consider necessary. Organisations banned by Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) under Section 3 of the UAPA are listed in the First Schedule of the Act.</span></span></span></span></p> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'mha-extends-ban-ltte-5-years', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/6972/ad188nba718yepe6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/6972/ad188nba718yepe6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'MHA extends ban on LTTE for 5 years', 'metakeyword' => ' Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), extends ban, Tamil militant group, Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, LTTE, five years. ', 'metadescription' => 'nion Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has extended ban on Tamil militant group- Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) for another five years. ', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/ah36h22irj884nv/MHA_extends.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 8 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 2456, 'title' => 'Maritime data sharing', 'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The Information Fusion Centre - Indian Ocean Region (IFC-IOR) set up last year has started functioning as an information sharing hub of maritime data and security situations.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The IFC-IOR was inaugurated in December 2018 within the premises of the Navy’s Information Management and Analysis Centre (IMAC) in Gurugram.The IMAC is the single point centre linking all the coastal radar chains to generate a seamless real-time picture of the nearly 7,500-km coastline.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The major centres with which regular exchange of maritime security information is being undertaken include <strong>Virtual Regional Maritime Traffic Centre</strong> (VRMTC), <strong>Maritime Security Centre - Horn of Africa</strong>(MSCHOA),<strong> Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery </strong>(ReCAAP), <strong>Information Fusion Centre-Singapore</strong> (IFC-SG), and <strong>International Maritime Bureau - Piracy Reporting Centre</strong> (IMB PRC).</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Several Indian Ocean littoral states have joined the coastal radar chain network. These include Maldives, Mauritius, Sri Lanka and Seychelles. Bangladesh is set to join the network and talks are on with Thailand as well.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The centre will host liaison officers from partner countries and the infrastructure to house them will be set up.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The exchange of information will be undertaken by virtual means, using telephone calls, faxes, emails and video conferencing over Internet.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Maritime security</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Maritime Security is a concept related to the sea is often associated with four domains: </span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>National security</strong>: The traditional use of naval military power to defend commercial shipping lanes and the national territory.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Marine environment</strong>: Concerning environmental and safety regulation regarding marine pollution and health protection.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Economic development</strong>: Includes trade by sea, the exploitation of oil and other non-living resources, as well as fisheries.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Human Security:</strong> The absence of security (insecurity) of individuals, people in communities, or citizens of states.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Importance of Maritime security</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Protecting economic resources of a country from foreign intrusion such as fishing, mining etc.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Protecting coastal borders of the country from threats suuch as terrorists, illegal migrants, smugglers.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Tracking naval and commercial ships and handling their security.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Protecting trade routes from threats such as piracy, kidnapping etc.</span></span></p> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'maritime-data-sharing', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/c052/r51vxwuohr459ew6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/c052/r51vxwuohr459ew6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Maritime data sharing', 'metakeyword' => 'Maritime data sharing', 'metadescription' => 'The IFC-IOR was inaugurated in December 2018 within the premises of the Navy’s Information Management and Analysis Centre (IMAC) in Gurugram.', 'author' => null, 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/rli76wcu1ahfz70/Maritime_data_sharing.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 9 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 2652, 'title' => 'Nagas and NSCN (IM)', 'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Naga interlocutor R.N. Ravi said that discussions to finalise the Naga accord continue and the <strong>National Socialist Council of Nagaland </strong>(Isak-Muivah) [NSCN-IM] had come on board.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Mr. Ravi had told<em> </em>that the Naga peace process will conclude by October 31 adding that there would be no separate flag or constitution for the Nagas as being demanded by NSCN-IM.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">He had also accused the NSCN-IM of delaying the talks to find a solution to the decades-old Naga issue.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The NSCN-IM has been fighting for ‘Greater Nagaland’ or Nagalim, where it wants to extend Nagaland’s borders by including Naga-dominated areas in neighbouring Assam, Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh to unite 1.2 million Nagas. </span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The Centre has however, ruled out any disintegration of the States of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Manipur in order to merge the Naga-inhabited areas with the existing State of Nagaland.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Naga issue</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The Naga insurgency, climaxing in 1956, was an armed ethnic conflict led by the Naga National Council (NNC) which aimed for the secession of Naga territories from India.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The more radical sectors of NNC created the Federal Government of Nagaland (FGN) which also included an underground Naga Army.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>NSCN</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The National Socialist Council of Nagaland (abbreviated NSCN) is a Naga nationalist separatist group operating mainly in Northeast India, with minor activities in northwest Myanmar (Burma) until 2012.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The main goal of the organisation is to establish a sovereign Naga state, "Nagalim", which would consist of all the areas inhabited by the Naga people in Northeast India and Northwest Myanmar. The group is currently fighting for independence of Nagaland from India.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'nagas-and-nscn-im', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/0490/3m2n7i0q8ihskuv6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/0490/3m2n7i0q8ihskuv6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Nagas and NSCN (IM)', 'metakeyword' => 'Nagas and NSCN (IM)', 'metadescription' => 'Naga interlocutor R.N. Ravi said that discussions to finalise the Naga accord continue and the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (Isak-Muivah) [NSCN-IM] ', 'author' => null, 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/346eakz2yuzownt/Nagas_and_NSCN_%28IM%29.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 10 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 2841, 'title' => 'Intel agencies network, NATGRID to go live soon', 'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The ambitious National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) project will be operational by December 31, 2020, according to the officials.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The NATGRID project is an online database for collating scattered pieces of information and putting them together on one platform.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The NATGRID will enable multiple security and intelligence agencies to access a database related to immigration entry and exit, banking and telephone details, among others, from a common platform.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">At least 10 Central government agencies, such as the Intelligence Bureau, Research and Analysis Wing and others will have access to the data on a secured platform.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The NATGRID is exempted from the Right to Information Act, 2005 under sub-section (2) of Section 24.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The NATGRID links intelligence and investigation agencies. The 10 user agencies will be linked independently with certain databases which will be procured from 21 providing organisations including telecom, tax records, bank, immigration etc. to generate intelligence inputs.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The NATGRID is essentially a tool that enables security agencies to locate and obtain relevant information on terror suspects from pooled data of various organisations and services in the country. </span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">It will help identify, capture and prosecute terrorists and help preempt terrorist plots.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In the first phase, 10 user agencies and 21 service providers will be connected, while in later phases about 950 additional organisations will be connected. In subsequent years, over 1,000 additional organisations will be connected.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'intel-agencies-network-natdrid-to-go-live-soon', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/6aeb/2hnl2fyyv64essh6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/6aeb/2hnl2fyyv64essh6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Intel agencies network, NATGRID to go live soon', 'metakeyword' => 'Intel agencies network, NATGRID to go live soon', 'metadescription' => 'The ambitious National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) project will be operational by December 31, 2020, according to the officials.', 'author' => null, 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/0k17zhk728jzvq9/Intel_agencies_network%2C_NATGRID_to_go_live_soon.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 11 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 3492, 'title' => 'Anti-Satellite missile (ASAT)', 'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">India showcased its Anti-Satellite (ASAT) missile capability to the world as the ASAT weapon from Mission Shakthi was unveilled on Republic Day.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">A DRDO marching contingent displayed the ASAT missile along with a second equipment, the Air Defence Tactical Control Radar (ADTCR).</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Anti-satellite weapons (ASAT) are space weapons designed to incapacitate or destroy satellites for strategic military purposes. Several nations possess operational ASAT systems. </span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Although no ASAT system has yet been utilised in warfare, a few nations have shot down their own satellites to demonstrate their ASAT capabilities in a show of force. Only the United States, Russia, China, and India have demonstrated this capability successfully.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Mission Shakti</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">India conducted Mission Shakti, an anti-satellite missile test, from the Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam Island launch complex. This was a technological mission carried out by DRDO. The satellite used in the mission was one of India’s existing satellites operating in lower orbit.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The significance of the test is that India has tested and successfully demonstrated its capability to interdict and intercept a satellite in outer space based on complete indigenous technology.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The capability achieved through the Anti-Satellite missile test provides credible deterrence against threats to our growing space-based assets from long range missiles, and proliferation in the types and numbers of missiles.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Weaponisation of space</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The principal international Treaty on space is the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. India is a signatory to this treaty, and ratified it in 1982. The Outer Space Treaty prohibits only weapons of mass destruction in outer space, not ordinary weapons.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">India supported UNGA resolution 69/32 on No First Placement of Weapons on Outer Space. Equally, India supports the substantive consideration of the issue of Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space (PAROS) in the Conference on Disarmament where it has been on the agenda since 1982.</span></span><br /> </p> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'anti-satellite-missile-asat', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/c2bf/w37tqyarlro2m636g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/c2bf/w37tqyarlro2m636g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Anti-Satellite missile (ASAT)', 'metakeyword' => 'Anti-Satellite missile (ASAT)', 'metadescription' => 'India showcased its Anti-Satellite (ASAT) missile capability to the world as the ASAT weapon from Mission Shakthi was unveilled on Republic Day.', 'author' => null, 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/hbmo5luegk0s7ix/Anti-Satellite_missile_%28ASAT%29.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum 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'Tackling Security Threats', 'keyword' => 'tackling-security-threats', 'id' => (int) 3492, 'title' => 'Anti-Satellite missile (ASAT)', 'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">India showcased its Anti-Satellite (ASAT) missile capability to the world as the ASAT weapon from Mission Shakthi was unveilled on Republic Day.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">A DRDO marching contingent displayed the ASAT missile along with a second equipment, the Air Defence Tactical Control Radar (ADTCR).</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Anti-satellite weapons (ASAT) are space weapons designed to incapacitate or destroy satellites for strategic military purposes. Several nations possess operational ASAT systems. </span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Although no ASAT system has yet been utilised in warfare, a few nations have shot down their own satellites to demonstrate their ASAT capabilities in a show of force. Only the United States, Russia, China, and India have demonstrated this capability successfully.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Mission Shakti</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">India conducted Mission Shakti, an anti-satellite missile test, from the Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam Island launch complex. This was a technological mission carried out by DRDO. The satellite used in the mission was one of India’s existing satellites operating in lower orbit.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The significance of the test is that India has tested and successfully demonstrated its capability to interdict and intercept a satellite in outer space based on complete indigenous technology.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The capability achieved through the Anti-Satellite missile test provides credible deterrence against threats to our growing space-based assets from long range missiles, and proliferation in the types and numbers of missiles.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Weaponisation of space</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The principal international Treaty on space is the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. India is a signatory to this treaty, and ratified it in 1982. The Outer Space Treaty prohibits only weapons of mass destruction in outer space, not ordinary weapons.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">India supported UNGA resolution 69/32 on No First Placement of Weapons on Outer Space. Equally, India supports the substantive consideration of the issue of Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space (PAROS) in the Conference on Disarmament where it has been on the agenda since 1982.</span></span><br /> </p> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'anti-satellite-missile-asat', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/c2bf/w37tqyarlro2m636g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/c2bf/w37tqyarlro2m636g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Anti-Satellite missile (ASAT)', 'metakeyword' => 'Anti-Satellite missile (ASAT)', 'metadescription' => 'India showcased its Anti-Satellite (ASAT) missile capability to the world as the ASAT weapon from Mission Shakthi was unveilled on Republic Day.', 'author' => null, 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/hbmo5luegk0s7ix/Anti-Satellite_missile_%28ASAT%29.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ '*' => true ], '[dirty]' => [], '[original]' => [], '[virtual]' => [], '[errors]' => [], '[invalid]' => [], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' } $tags = '<a href="https://currentaffairs.studyiq.com/tags/tackling-security-threats">Tackling Security Threats</a>'include - ROOT/plugins/Studyiq/src/Template/Pages/tags.ctp, line 65 Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1196 Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1157 Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 765 Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 623 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 125 Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93 Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 108 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 104 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 98 Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65 Cake\Http\Runner::run() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 51 Cake\Http\Server::run() - CORE/src/Http/Server.php, line 81