Code Context </style>
<?php if(sizeof($quizpole)>0){?>
<h3>Quiz for <?php echo $title; ?></h3>
$viewFile = '/var/www/currentaffairs.studyiq.com/plugins/Studyiq/src/Template/Pages/tagdetails.ctp'
$dataForView = [
'headertags' => [
(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 6 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 7 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 8 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 9 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 10 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 11 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 12 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 13 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
],
'breadcrumb' => [
(int) 0 => [
'name' => 'Home',
'link' => 'https://currentaffairs.studyiq.com/'
],
(int) 1 => [
'name' => 'Miscellaneous',
'link' => 'https://currentaffairs.studyiq.com/tags/miscellaneous-6'
]
],
'previous' => [
(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
],
'next' => [
(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
],
'currentaffairs' => [
(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
],
'customer_id' => '',
'metadescription' => 'Miscellaneous, Delhi woke up to high levels of air pollution on Friday as air quality index (AQI) slipped into ‘very poor’ category while some parts of the city saw AQI turn ‘severe’.',
'metakeyword' => 'Pollution peaks in Delhi',
'title' => 'Miscellaneous, Pollution peaks in Delhi',
'tagname' => 'Miscellaneous',
'sbanners' => [
(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {},
(int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {}
],
'params' => [
(int) 0 => 'miscellaneous-6',
(int) 1 => 'pollution-peaks-in-delhi'
]
]
$headertags = [
(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 3,
'name' => 'Art & Culture',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'art-culture',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Current Affairs Arts and Cultures Articles | Current Affairs',
'metakeyword' => 'Current Affairs Arts, Cultures Articles, Cultures Current Affairs Articles, Cultures Current Affairs, Current Affairs, Current Affair GK, General Knowledage',
'metadescription' => 'Current Affairs Arts and Cultures Articles complete current affairs details of Arts and cultures with complete depth analysis or full details of all current affair Articles',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 4,
'name' => 'Polity & Governance',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'polity-governance',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Polity Current Affairs | Governance Current Affair | Polity GK',
'metakeyword' => 'Polity Current Affairs, Governance Current Affair, Polity GK, Current Affairs of Polity, Current Affairs of Governance, Current affair Polity',
'metadescription' => 'Polity Current Affairs, Governance Current Affair, and current affairs of Polity and Governance and more get with Study IQ Education Articles and full details',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 5,
'name' => 'International Affairs',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'international-affairs',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'International Affairs | International Current Affairs, GK, News',
'metakeyword' => 'International Affairs, International Current Affairs, International GK, International News, International burning Issues, International Today Affairs, International Current Affair, International current affairs 2019',
'metadescription' => 'International Affairs, International Current Affairs, GK, News, burning issues and all relative information of Internation you can get here for depth knowledge',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 6,
'name' => 'Economy',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'economy',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Economy Current Affairs | Economy Current Affair 2019 | Study IQ',
'metakeyword' => 'Economy Current Affairs, Economy Current Affair, Economy Current Affair 2019, Economy GK news, Economy Affairs, Current Affairs Economy, Current Affair Economy',
'metadescription' => 'Economy Current Affairs, Economy Current Affair 2019 and all the Economy Current Affair, GK, Burning Issues, News, get on study IQ education for exams preparation',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 7,
'name' => 'Banking Awareness',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'banking-awareness',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Banking Awareness Current Affairs, GK, News, Burning Issues',
'metakeyword' => 'Banking Awareness, Current Affairs, Current Affair, bANKING CURRENT AFFAIRS, Current affair of Banking, Current affair of Bank, Current affairs of Bank, BAnk current affairs',
'metadescription' => 'Banking Awareness Current Affairs, GK, News, Burning Issues, and all the latest current affairs of Banking Awareness or Banking for Govt exams preparation',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 8,
'name' => 'Defence & Security',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'defence-security',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Defence Current Affairs | Defence & Security Current Affairs',
'metakeyword' => 'Defence Current Affairs, Current Affairs, Current Affair, Current Affairs of Defence, Security Current Affairs, Security Current Affairs 2019, Security Current Affairs daily, Defence Current Affairs Daily',
'metadescription' => 'Defence Current Affairs, Defence & Security Current Affairs and complete details of Defence & Security current affairs, burning issues of Defence, Defence Today News ',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 6 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 9,
'name' => 'Environment',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'environment',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Environment Current Affairs, Current Affairs 2019- Study IQ',
'metakeyword' => 'Environment Current Affairs, Current Affairs Articles, Current Affairs of Environment, Current Affairs Environment',
'metadescription' => 'Environment Current Affairs, Current Affairs 2019, Study IQ provide complete information of Environment Current Affairs, GK, Bunrning Issues, latest news and more',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 7 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 10,
'name' => 'Science & Technology',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'science-technology',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Science & Technology Current Affairs | Science Current Affairs',
'metakeyword' => 'Science & Technology Current Affairs, Science & Technology Current Affair, Science Current Affairs, Science Current Affair, Technology Current Affair, Technology Current Affairs',
'metadescription' => 'Science & Technology Current Affairs, Science Current Affairs, Technology today affairs and more relative Science & Technology information get here free',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 8 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 11,
'name' => 'Miscellaneous',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'miscellaneous',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Miscellaneous Current Affairs Articles 2019, GK News | Study IQ',
'metakeyword' => 'Current Affairs Articles 2019, Miscellaneous Current Affairs, GK News, Current Affairs Articles',
'metadescription' => 'Current Affairs Articles, Current Affairs GK News analysis, and all topic relative information get here free and online so no need go anywhere that makes time saving ',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 9 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 12,
'name' => 'Government Schemes',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'government-schemes',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Government Schemes Current Affairs | Govt Current Affairs StudyIQ',
'metakeyword' => 'Government Schemes Current Affairs, Government Current Affairs, Current Affairs of government, ',
'metadescription' => 'Government Schemes Current Affairs, Government Current Affairs ad all government relative latest information, news, burning issues and more get here',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 10 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 13,
'name' => 'Persons in News',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'persons-in-news',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Persons in News | Current Affairs, Awards, Books, Obituaries News',
'metakeyword' => 'Persons in News, Current Affairs, Awards, Books, Obituaries News',
'metadescription' => 'Persons in News, Current Affairs, Awards, Books, Obituaries News, and all the daily current affairs news you will get here with complete information',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 11 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 14,
'name' => 'Constitution',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'constitution',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Constitution | Indian Constitution | World Constitution ',
'metakeyword' => 'constitution, Indian Constitution, World Constitution, Country Constitution ',
'metadescription' => 'Get the all the country constitution like Indian constitution, world constitution and more here you can get all the latest information relative to constitution',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 12 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 15,
'name' => 'Biodiversity',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'biodiversity',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Biodiversity | ??? ??????? | Biodiversity Current affairs',
'metakeyword' => 'Biodiversity, ??? ???????, Biodiversity Current affairs',
'metadescription' => 'Biodiversity, ??? ???????, Biodiversity Current affairs, Get the latest Biodiversity information with us where you get all the latest information about Biodiversity',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
},
(int) 13 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 16,
'name' => 'Ecology',
'parent_id' => (int) 2,
'description' => '',
'keyword' => 'ecology',
'sortorder' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'metatitle' => 'Ecology Topic Wise Current afairs | Ecology Current Affairs ',
'metakeyword' => 'Ecology Current Affairs, Ecology Current Affairs 2021, Best Ecology Current Affairs, ecology topic wise current affairs, ecology',
'metadescription' => 'Best Ecology Current affairs - Get the ecology topic current affairs for all the govt exams preparation with best studyiq faculties and also get free ecology topic pdf on daily basis ',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'cacategories'
}
]
$breadcrumb = [
(int) 0 => [
'name' => 'Home',
'link' => 'https://currentaffairs.studyiq.com/'
],
(int) 1 => [
'name' => 'Miscellaneous',
'link' => 'https://currentaffairs.studyiq.com/tags/miscellaneous-6'
]
]
$previous = [
(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'tags' => 'Miscellaneous',
'keyword' => 'miscellaneous-6',
'title' => 'Community forest rights',
'posturl' => 'community-forest-rights',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'currentaffairs'
}
]
$next = [
(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'tags' => 'Miscellaneous',
'keyword' => 'miscellaneous-6',
'title' => 'IEA’s Report “The Future of Rail†launched',
'posturl' => 'ieas-the-future-of-rail-report-launched',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'currentaffairs'
}
]
$currentaffairs = [
(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'tag' => 'Miscellaneous',
'keyword' => 'miscellaneous-6',
'id' => (int) 6065,
'title' => 'Pollution peaks in Delhi',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Delhi woke up to high levels of air pollution on Friday as air quality index (AQI) slipped into ‘very poor’ category while some parts of the city saw AQI turn ‘severe’.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Real-time air quality monitoring data from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) showed that particulate matter of 2.5 and 10 micrometres (PM2.5, PM10) were the prominent pollutants at the three highly polluted areas.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Besides concentration of particulates, the CPCB also monitors gas concentrations, including of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ammonia (NH3), sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3).</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">PM2.5 and PM10 are mixture of solid and liquid particles generally having diametres of or less than 2.5 and 10 micrometres.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">These particulates are emitted from various sources and can be inhaled, causing serious health problems. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Their physical and chemical characteristics vary by location, and common chemical composition includes nitrates, sulfates, ammonium, and also metals and biological components. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Combustion of diesel and petrol in engines, combustion of solid fuel for energy production, construction and industrial activities, and erosion of pavement by road traffic are some of the primary sources of PM, but they are also formed in the atmosphere through chemical reaction of gaseous pollutants.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Health effects of inhalable particulate matter, due to short term and long term exposure, include aggravation of respiratory and cardiovascular problems and also mortality from these problems and lung cancer.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Common pollutants</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>NO<sub>2</sub></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) gets in the air from burning of fuel, from sources including emissions from vehicles and power plants. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Short-term exposure to high levels of NO2 can aggravate respiratory diseases like asthma, and lead to other problems such as coughing or difficulty breathing. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Long-term exposure may also contribute to development of asthma and could increase susceptibility to respiratory infections.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Ammonia</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The EPA states that ammonia occurs naturally in air, soil and water, and is used as an agricultural fertiliser and in cleaning products. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Short-term inhalation of high levels of ammonia can cause irritation and serious burns in the mouth, lungs and eyes.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Chronic exposure to airborne ammonia can increase the risk of respiratory problems, including impaired lung function.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>SO<sub>2</sub></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The largest source of SO2 in atmosphere is burning of fossil fuels by power plants and other industrial facilities. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Short-term exposure to SO2 can harm respiratory system, making breathing more difficult. SO2 emissions in the air can also lead to formation of other sulphur oxides<strong> </strong>(SO<sub>x</sub>), which can react with other compounds in the atmosphere and form particulate matter.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Ozone</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) occurs both in the Earth’s upper atmosphere and at ground level. At ground, O3 is created by chemical reaction between oxides of nitrogen (NO<sub>x</sub>) and volatile organic compounds. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The EPA states that ozone is formed when pollutants emitted by cars, power plants, refineries and other sources chemically react in presence of sunlight.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Ozone can trigger a variety of health problems, the EPA states, including chest pain, throat irritation and airway inflammation. It can also reduce lung function, harm lung tissue, worsens bronchitis, emphysema and asthma.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
',
'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
'posturl' => 'pollution-peaks-in-delhi',
'image' => '',
'fbimage' => '',
'metatitle' => 'Pollution peaks in Delhi',
'metakeyword' => 'Pollution peaks in Delhi',
'metadescription' => 'Delhi woke up to high levels of air pollution on Friday as air quality index (AQI) slipped into ‘very poor’ category while some parts of the city saw AQI turn ‘severe’.',
'author' => null,
'downlaodpdf' => '',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'currentaffairs'
}
]
$customer_id = ''
$metadescription = 'Miscellaneous, Delhi woke up to high levels of air pollution on Friday as air quality index (AQI) slipped into ‘very poor’ category while some parts of the city saw AQI turn ‘severe’.'
$metakeyword = 'Pollution peaks in Delhi'
$title = 'Pollution peaks in Delhi'
$tagname = 'Miscellaneous'
$sbanners = [
(int) 0 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 61,
'bannername' => 'http://www.mediafire.com/convkey/5f54/lodkrbkhwk5lg1q6g.jpg',
'bannerlink' => 'https://www.studyiq.com/course-detail/ssc-bank-combo',
'isright' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'sitebanners'
},
(int) 1 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 62,
'bannername' => 'http://www.mediafire.com/convkey/0552/k9b1o467l8edtbc6g.jpg',
'bannerlink' => 'https://studyiq.com/courses/state-exams',
'isright' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'sitebanners'
},
(int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 63,
'bannername' => 'http://www.mediafire.com/convkey/154a/6y1qvv7v118759h6g.jpg',
'bannerlink' => 'https://www.studyiq.com/course-detail/upsc-ias-pre-mains',
'isright' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'sitebanners'
},
(int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'id' => (int) 64,
'bannername' => 'http://www.mediafire.com/convkey/563c/o65x6jso51flz886g.jpg',
'bannerlink' => 'https://studyiq.com/courses/upsc/optional-subjects',
'isright' => (int) 0,
'status' => (int) 1,
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
[maximum depth reached]
],
'[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]],
'[repository]' => 'sitebanners'
}
]
$params = [
(int) 0 => 'miscellaneous-6',
(int) 1 => 'pollution-peaks-in-delhi'
]
$b = [
'name' => 'Miscellaneous',
'link' => 'https://currentaffairs.studyiq.com/tags/miscellaneous-6'
]
$currentaffair = object(Cake\ORM\Entity) {
'tag' => 'Miscellaneous',
'keyword' => 'miscellaneous-6',
'id' => (int) 6065,
'title' => 'Pollution peaks in Delhi',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Delhi woke up to high levels of air pollution on Friday as air quality index (AQI) slipped into ‘very poor’ category while some parts of the city saw AQI turn ‘severe’.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Real-time air quality monitoring data from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) showed that particulate matter of 2.5 and 10 micrometres (PM2.5, PM10) were the prominent pollutants at the three highly polluted areas.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Besides concentration of particulates, the CPCB also monitors gas concentrations, including of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ammonia (NH3), sulphur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3).</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">PM2.5 and PM10 are mixture of solid and liquid particles generally having diametres of or less than 2.5 and 10 micrometres.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">These particulates are emitted from various sources and can be inhaled, causing serious health problems. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Their physical and chemical characteristics vary by location, and common chemical composition includes nitrates, sulfates, ammonium, and also metals and biological components. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Combustion of diesel and petrol in engines, combustion of solid fuel for energy production, construction and industrial activities, and erosion of pavement by road traffic are some of the primary sources of PM, but they are also formed in the atmosphere through chemical reaction of gaseous pollutants.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Health effects of inhalable particulate matter, due to short term and long term exposure, include aggravation of respiratory and cardiovascular problems and also mortality from these problems and lung cancer.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Common pollutants</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>NO<sub>2</sub></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) gets in the air from burning of fuel, from sources including emissions from vehicles and power plants. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Short-term exposure to high levels of NO2 can aggravate respiratory diseases like asthma, and lead to other problems such as coughing or difficulty breathing. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Long-term exposure may also contribute to development of asthma and could increase susceptibility to respiratory infections.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Ammonia</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The EPA states that ammonia occurs naturally in air, soil and water, and is used as an agricultural fertiliser and in cleaning products. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Short-term inhalation of high levels of ammonia can cause irritation and serious burns in the mouth, lungs and eyes.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Chronic exposure to airborne ammonia can increase the risk of respiratory problems, including impaired lung function.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>SO<sub>2</sub></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The largest source of SO2 in atmosphere is burning of fossil fuels by power plants and other industrial facilities. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Short-term exposure to SO2 can harm respiratory system, making breathing more difficult. SO2 emissions in the air can also lead to formation of other sulphur oxides<strong> </strong>(SO<sub>x</sub>), which can react with other compounds in the atmosphere and form particulate matter.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Ozone</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) occurs both in the Earth’s upper atmosphere and at ground level. At ground, O3 is created by chemical reaction between oxides of nitrogen (NO<sub>x</sub>) and volatile organic compounds. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The EPA states that ozone is formed when pollutants emitted by cars, power plants, refineries and other sources chemically react in presence of sunlight.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Ozone can trigger a variety of health problems, the EPA states, including chest pain, throat irritation and airway inflammation. It can also reduce lung function, harm lung tissue, worsens bronchitis, emphysema and asthma.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
',
'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {},
'posturl' => 'pollution-peaks-in-delhi',
'image' => '',
'fbimage' => '',
'metatitle' => 'Pollution peaks in Delhi',
'metakeyword' => 'Pollution peaks in Delhi',
'metadescription' => 'Delhi woke up to high levels of air pollution on Friday as air quality index (AQI) slipped into ‘very poor’ category while some parts of the city saw AQI turn ‘severe’.',
'author' => null,
'downlaodpdf' => '',
'[new]' => false,
'[accessible]' => [
'*' => true
],
'[dirty]' => [],
'[original]' => [],
'[virtual]' => [],
'[errors]' => [],
'[invalid]' => [],
'[repository]' => 'currentaffairs'
}
$downloadpdf = ''
$tags = '<a href="https://currentaffairs.studyiq.com/tags/miscellaneous-6">Miscellaneous</a>'
include - ROOT/plugins/Studyiq/src/Template/Pages/tagdetails.ctp, line 161
Cake\View\View::_evaluate() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1196
Cake\View\View::_render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 1157
Cake\View\View::render() - CORE/src/View/View.php, line 765
Cake\Controller\Controller::render() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 623
App\Controller\PagesController::tags() - APP/Controller/PagesController.php, line 995
Cake\Controller\Controller::invokeAction() - CORE/src/Controller/Controller.php, line 440
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::_invoke() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 119
Cake\Http\ActionDispatcher::dispatch() - CORE/src/Http/ActionDispatcher.php, line 93
Cake\Http\BaseApplication::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/BaseApplication.php, line 108
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\RoutingMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/RoutingMiddleware.php, line 104
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Routing\Middleware\AssetMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Routing/Middleware/AssetMiddleware.php, line 88
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65
Cake\Error\Middleware\ErrorHandlerMiddleware::__invoke() - CORE/src/Error/Middleware/ErrorHandlerMiddleware.php, line 98
Cake\Http\Runner::__invoke() - CORE/src/Http/Runner.php, line 65