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'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">A major controversy has arisen between Kerala and Tamil Nadu regarding felling of trees near the baby dam, which is part of Mullaperiyar dam.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Mullaperiyar dam is located in Kerala but is controlled by Tamil Nadu. The controversy about storage height has been disputed since many years.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The Kerala government had previously allowed Tamil Nadu to fell 15 trees but was revoked after fears that such a move would impair the interests of Kerala.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Mullaperiyar dam</strong></span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The dam is made up of the main dam, a baby dam, an earthen dam and the spillway. The reservoir level is 152 ft and maximum water level (as per design) is 155 ft. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The Supreme Court directive has asked the authorities to maintain a height of 142 ft due to age of the dam. Kerala has been demanding to reduce the height to 136 ft.</span></span></p>
</li>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Strengthening baby dam</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The baby dam needs to be strengthened if the water level of the reservoir has to be increased to 152 ft from 142 ft. This will make dam safer.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Tamil Nadu has been requesting permission for felling nearby trees so that the dam can be strengthened. This permission has to be given by Kerala.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Controversy of permission</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The Chief Conservator of Forests & Chief Wildlife Warden had given permission for cutting trees and strengthening dam.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The opposition criticized the move of granting permission as it would undermine interests of Kerala over dam. The minister of forests withdrew the order.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The minister has accused officials of taking the decision without consulting the Chief Minister and Ministers for Forest and Water Resources.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Kerala government says that there is a need for clearance by the Union Ministry of Environmental and Forests and other statutory bodies as trees are located in Periyar Tiger Reserve.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Opposition from Kerala</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The clearing of trees is done to strengthen baby dam. If the dam is strengthened, Kerala’s demand for decommissioning the whole structure would weaken.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Kerala has been demanding building a new dam downstream as it feels existing structure is weak and puts lives of lakhs of people in danger.</span></span></p>
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'title' => 'Kerala revokes order to allow Tamil Nadu to fell trees',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">A major controversy has arisen between Kerala and Tamil Nadu regarding felling of trees near the baby dam, which is part of Mullaperiyar dam.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Mullaperiyar dam is located in Kerala but is controlled by Tamil Nadu. The controversy about storage height has been disputed since many years.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The Kerala government had previously allowed Tamil Nadu to fell 15 trees but was revoked after fears that such a move would impair the interests of Kerala.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Mullaperiyar dam</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The dam is made up of the main dam, a baby dam, an earthen dam and the spillway. The reservoir level is 152 ft and maximum water level (as per design) is 155 ft. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The Supreme Court directive has asked the authorities to maintain a height of 142 ft due to age of the dam. Kerala has been demanding to reduce the height to 136 ft.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Strengthening baby dam</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The baby dam needs to be strengthened if the water level of the reservoir has to be increased to 152 ft from 142 ft. This will make dam safer.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Tamil Nadu has been requesting permission for felling nearby trees so that the dam can be strengthened. This permission has to be given by Kerala.</span></span></p>
</li>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Controversy of permission</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The Chief Conservator of Forests & Chief Wildlife Warden had given permission for cutting trees and strengthening dam.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The opposition criticized the move of granting permission as it would undermine interests of Kerala over dam. The minister of forests withdrew the order.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The minister has accused officials of taking the decision without consulting the Chief Minister and Ministers for Forest and Water Resources.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Kerala government says that there is a need for clearance by the Union Ministry of Environmental and Forests and other statutory bodies as trees are located in Periyar Tiger Reserve.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Opposition from Kerala</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The clearing of trees is done to strengthen baby dam. If the dam is strengthened, Kerala’s demand for decommissioning the whole structure would weaken.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Kerala has been demanding building a new dam downstream as it feels existing structure is weak and puts lives of lakhs of people in danger.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
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