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'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Mount Sinabung located in Sumatra province of Indonesia has erupted, emitting a large amount of ash and smoke.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Mount Sinabung volcano had erupted in August 2020 as well. It erupted after many years in 2016 after 400 years of dormancy.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Indonesia has large number of active volcanoes due to its location along the pacific ring of fire belt. This region experiences frequent earthquakes and volcanoes.</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The Ring of Fire has about 75 percent of the world’s volcanoes and about 90 percent of earthquakes occur in this region.</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The eruption from the volcano has turned the sky black. Citizens have been warned not to go near the danger zone of the volcano and use masks for staying safe from contaminated particles.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Reasons for eruption</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Active, dormant or extinct are the three types of volcanoes. Eruption takes when interior substance known as magma tries to come out on the surface.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The magma is able to pass through cracks and fissures to rise towards the surface. In addition, it is lighter than rocks. After eruption it is called lava.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">All volcanic eruptions are not explosive. Some magma is thin and can easily allow trapped gases to escape. In some cases, they are not able to come out without violent explosion.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Risks of eruption</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Individuals with respiratory and chronic lung conditions such as asthma are susceptible to health complications due to volcanic eruptions.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Volcanic eruptions can also increase additional problems such as mudslides, floods, drinking water contamination, fire incidents etc.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Volcanoes are more vulnerable in countries such as Philippines, Guatemala and Indonesia as people live very close to volcanoes, thereby increasing risk during sudden disasters.</span></span></p>
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'title' => 'Mount Sinabung’s eruption',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Mount Sinabung located in Sumatra province of Indonesia has erupted, emitting a large amount of ash and smoke.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Mount Sinabung volcano had erupted in August 2020 as well. It erupted after many years in 2016 after 400 years of dormancy.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Indonesia has large number of active volcanoes due to its location along the pacific ring of fire belt. This region experiences frequent earthquakes and volcanoes.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The Ring of Fire has about 75 percent of the world’s volcanoes and about 90 percent of earthquakes occur in this region.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The eruption from the volcano has turned the sky black. Citizens have been warned not to go near the danger zone of the volcano and use masks for staying safe from contaminated particles.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Reasons for eruption</strong></span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Active, dormant or extinct are the three types of volcanoes. Eruption takes when interior substance known as magma tries to come out on the surface.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The magma is able to pass through cracks and fissures to rise towards the surface. In addition, it is lighter than rocks. After eruption it is called lava.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">All volcanic eruptions are not explosive. Some magma is thin and can easily allow trapped gases to escape. In some cases, they are not able to come out without violent explosion.</span></span></p>
</li>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Risks of eruption</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Individuals with respiratory and chronic lung conditions such as asthma are susceptible to health complications due to volcanic eruptions.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Volcanic eruptions can also increase additional problems such as mudslides, floods, drinking water contamination, fire incidents etc.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Volcanoes are more vulnerable in countries such as Philippines, Guatemala and Indonesia as people live very close to volcanoes, thereby increasing risk during sudden disasters.</span></span></p>
</li>
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