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'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Failure of rains has caused droughts in the dry country of Somalia. Famine conditions have caused high inflation and shortage of food.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Somalia is one of the world’s poorest and under-developed countries. Majority of the population is severely undernourished.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It is assumed that more than 1.4 million children are severely malnourished. Without proper intervention, about 3,50,000 of them are likely to be perished.</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The FAO, UNICEF and WFP have issued similar concerns about the grave situation in Somalia. They have asked for injection of funds.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The funds can be used to increase assistance in Somalia as the drought situation has exposed more than 40% of population to severe risk.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>The start of issue</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The Horn of Africa country is struggling with multi-season drought since 2020. Insecurity, conflict and political tensions have exacerbated the situation.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The seasonal rainfall in Somalia occurs in two bouts—the <em>Deyr</em> season between September/October and <em>Gu</em> season between April-June.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Crisis</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The <em>Deyr</em> season started late and ended early. The erratic rainfall pattern resulted in low crop production in southern and north-western Somalia.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The cumulative rainfall was 40-60% below average. The cereal production fell by 58% below the 1995-2020 average.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">This led to increased migration in search of food, water, pasture. This affected the resources in less drought-affected region.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The dry and hot season compounded the problems. The government declared emergency and called for international assistance.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Epidemics</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Outbreak of measles is being reported across many parts. The poor living conditions may increase the numbers.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">There are increased cases of Acute Watery Diarrhea (AWD), which further compounds the problems of malnutrition.</span></span></p>
</li>
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<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Future predictions</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">A moderate rain season would not offer any particular respite from the conditions. Food prices are likely to increase due to supply constraints.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">People dependent on livestock will have very less option of increasing income as fewer animals are expected to be born.</span></span></p>
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'title' => 'Drought emergency in Somalia',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Failure of rains has caused droughts in the dry country of Somalia. Famine conditions have caused high inflation and shortage of food.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Somalia is one of the world’s poorest and under-developed countries. Majority of the population is severely undernourished.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It is assumed that more than 1.4 million children are severely malnourished. Without proper intervention, about 3,50,000 of them are likely to be perished.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The FAO, UNICEF and WFP have issued similar concerns about the grave situation in Somalia. They have asked for injection of funds.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The funds can be used to increase assistance in Somalia as the drought situation has exposed more than 40% of population to severe risk.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>The start of issue</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The Horn of Africa country is struggling with multi-season drought since 2020. Insecurity, conflict and political tensions have exacerbated the situation.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The seasonal rainfall in Somalia occurs in two bouts—the <em>Deyr</em> season between September/October and <em>Gu</em> season between April-June.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Crisis</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The <em>Deyr</em> season started late and ended early. The erratic rainfall pattern resulted in low crop production in southern and north-western Somalia.</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The cumulative rainfall was 40-60% below average. The cereal production fell by 58% below the 1995-2020 average.</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">This led to increased migration in search of food, water, pasture. This affected the resources in less drought-affected region.</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The dry and hot season compounded the problems. The government declared emergency and called for international assistance.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Epidemics</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Outbreak of measles is being reported across many parts. The poor living conditions may increase the numbers.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">There are increased cases of Acute Watery Diarrhea (AWD), which further compounds the problems of malnutrition.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif""><strong>Future predictions</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">A moderate rain season would not offer any particular respite from the conditions. Food prices are likely to increase due to supply constraints.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">People dependent on livestock will have very less option of increasing income as fewer animals are expected to be born.</span></span></p>
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