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<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Antarctica’s Thwaites Glacier is melting very fast, speeding up the process of sea level rise due to climate change.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The fear regarding Thwaites Glacier is so strong that it is termed the ‘Doomsday Glacier’. It is said to be melting faster than estimated.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
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<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Thwaites Glacier is a 120km wide glacier that is melting very fast. The glacier contains enough water to increase the world sea level by more than half a metre. The amount of water flowing out of it has doubled over the past 30 years.</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The melting of Thwaites contributes to about 4% of global sea level rise. Within next 200-900 years, it is expected to collapse into the sea.</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The Thwaites is very critical to Antarctica as it prevents subsequent ice and glaciers from meeting the sea and melting.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Previous studies</strong></span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Previous study has showed large cavity in the glacier that is continuously widening. Warm water has also been detected below it surface.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The glacier’s grounding line is retreating. This means that more glacial surface is exposed to sea water that increases chances of melting.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>The new study</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The new study went underground to make observations of the glacier. It measured the temperature, salinity, strength and oxygen content of the ocean currents under the glacier.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The study was able to detect the amount of heat transported to the glacier through ocean currents. It also estimated the strength of previous unknown currents.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Need for worry</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The warm water is hitting the pinning points of the glacier where the glacier is connected to the seabed. It increases risk on stability of the glacier.</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Using the study, the scientists can make estimates on increase in sea levels. There can also be preventive steps to reduce impact.</span></span></p>
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'title' => 'Doomsday glacier',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Antarctica’s Thwaites Glacier is melting very fast, speeding up the process of sea level rise due to climate change.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The fear regarding Thwaites Glacier is so strong that it is termed the ‘Doomsday Glacier’. It is said to be melting faster than estimated.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Thwaites Glacier is a 120km wide glacier that is melting very fast. The glacier contains enough water to increase the world sea level by more than half a metre. The amount of water flowing out of it has doubled over the past 30 years.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The melting of Thwaites contributes to about 4% of global sea level rise. Within next 200-900 years, it is expected to collapse into the sea.</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The Thwaites is very critical to Antarctica as it prevents subsequent ice and glaciers from meeting the sea and melting.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Previous studies</strong></span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Previous study has showed large cavity in the glacier that is continuously widening. Warm water has also been detected below it surface.</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The glacier’s grounding line is retreating. This means that more glacial surface is exposed to sea water that increases chances of melting.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>The new study</strong></span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The new study went underground to make observations of the glacier. It measured the temperature, salinity, strength and oxygen content of the ocean currents under the glacier.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The study was able to detect the amount of heat transported to the glacier through ocean currents. It also estimated the strength of previous unknown currents.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Need for worry</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The warm water is hitting the pinning points of the glacier where the glacier is connected to the seabed. It increases risk on stability of the glacier.</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Using the study, the scientists can make estimates on increase in sea levels. There can also be preventive steps to reduce impact.</span></span></p>
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