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<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Researchers from Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, and KIIT School of Architecture, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), have developed bio-bricks from agricultural waste.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">About 22% of India’s total annual CO<sub>2</sub> emissions is by the construction sector. Clay bricks, not only use up fertile top soil, but their manufacturing process also emits significant amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The process of making bio-bricks starts with careful selection of the dry agro-waste like paddy straws, wheat straws, sugarcane bagasse and cotton plant. It ends with a compressed end product that is hard enough to be used as a construction material.</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Bio-bricks are not only sustainable when compared to clay bricks, but are carbon sinks as they fix more carbon dioxide than they produce during their life cycle.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Significance</strong></span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Re-purposing of agricultural waste is particularly important in India. More than 500 million tonnes of agricultural waste is produced in the country every year, which is not utilized appropriately.</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">While some of this is reused as fodder,most are burnt, which results in severe air pollution.</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The bricks provide good insulation to heat and sound and help in maintaining humidity of the buildings, making these houses suitable for hot-humid climate like India.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Drawbacks</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">These bio-bricks are not as strong as burnt clay bricks and cannot be used directly to build load-bearing structures.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">About 22% of India’s total annual CO<sub>2</sub> emissions is by the construction sector. Clay bricks, not only use up fertile top soil, but their manufacturing process also emits significant amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The process of making bio-bricks starts with careful selection of the dry agro-waste like paddy straws, wheat straws, sugarcane bagasse and cotton plant. It ends with a compressed end product that is hard enough to be used as a construction material.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Bio-bricks are not only sustainable when compared to clay bricks, but are carbon sinks as they fix more carbon dioxide than they produce during their life cycle.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Significance</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Re-purposing of agricultural waste is particularly important in India. More than 500 million tonnes of agricultural waste is produced in the country every year, which is not utilized appropriately.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">While some of this is reused as fodder,most are burnt, which results in severe air pollution.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The bricks provide good insulation to heat and sound and help in maintaining humidity of the buildings, making these houses suitable for hot-humid climate like India.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Drawbacks</strong></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">These bio-bricks are not as strong as burnt clay bricks and cannot be used directly to build load-bearing structures.</span></span></p>
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