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'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">While the resulting rise in sea levels is a grave concern for the planet Earth in general, Antarctica's penguins seem to be happier when there is less sea ice.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The new research by researchers from Japan's National Institute of Polar Research now sheds some light on the mystery.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The research points out that Adelie penguins, Antarctica's most common species of penguins, are able to travel to farther distances by swimming in ice-free waters. The penguins are thus able to access food more easily than before.</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">During sparse sea-ice, penguins tend to see an increase in population while considerable breeding failures were observed in the years with substantial increase in sea ice in the region.</span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The team of researchers tagged 175 penguins in Antarctica with GPS devices and video cameras. This was to monitor their growth across four seasons in the region observing different sea ice conditions.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The researchers were able to track penguins on their trips and observe their walking, swimming and resting behavior. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The inspection also offered an estimate to the amount of prey captured by the penguins during sea dives. It is known that penguins, though slow on land, are swift swimmers.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">A simple reason is that penguins have a larger area under the water surface to swim when there is less sea-ice.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In such conditions, penguins can dive and swim in a wider area, often right from their nests, thus reducing their efforts to catch prey. </span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Another reason is that with less sea ice, more sunlight is able to enter the water, promoting the growth of underwater plankton that is the main food of the krill that the penguins feed on.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The study points out that the penguins conserve an average of 15% to 33% energy per trip compared with ice-covered seasons. The conserved energy then enables their growth and reproduction.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">The conditions are only true for the penguins living on the main "continental" part of Antarctica. The species found on the thin Antarctic peninsula on the outskirts of the continent undergo just the opposite effects of a drop in sea-ice.</span></span></p>
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'tag' => 'Climate Change',
'keyword' => 'climate-change',
'id' => (int) 4951,
'title' => 'Antarctica’s melting sea ice having positive effect on Penguins',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">While the resulting rise in sea levels is a grave concern for the planet Earth in general, Antarctica's penguins seem to be happier when there is less sea ice.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The new research by researchers from Japan's National Institute of Polar Research now sheds some light on the mystery.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The research points out that Adelie penguins, Antarctica's most common species of penguins, are able to travel to farther distances by swimming in ice-free waters. The penguins are thus able to access food more easily than before.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">During sparse sea-ice, penguins tend to see an increase in population while considerable breeding failures were observed in the years with substantial increase in sea ice in the region.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The team of researchers tagged 175 penguins in Antarctica with GPS devices and video cameras. This was to monitor their growth across four seasons in the region observing different sea ice conditions.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The researchers were able to track penguins on their trips and observe their walking, swimming and resting behavior. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The inspection also offered an estimate to the amount of prey captured by the penguins during sea dives. It is known that penguins, though slow on land, are swift swimmers.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">A simple reason is that penguins have a larger area under the water surface to swim when there is less sea-ice.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In such conditions, penguins can dive and swim in a wider area, often right from their nests, thus reducing their efforts to catch prey. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Another reason is that with less sea ice, more sunlight is able to enter the water, promoting the growth of underwater plankton that is the main food of the krill that the penguins feed on.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The study points out that the penguins conserve an average of 15% to 33% energy per trip compared with ice-covered seasons. The conserved energy then enables their growth and reproduction.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">The conditions are only true for the penguins living on the main "continental" part of Antarctica. The species found on the thin Antarctic peninsula on the outskirts of the continent undergo just the opposite effects of a drop in sea-ice.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
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