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'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The union government has passed a new notification making airbags compulsory for all vehicles in the country.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The new notification is said to be a new safety feature and has been initiated on the advice of the Supreme Court of India.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
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<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The announcement is a part of the Union government’s plans to improve safety of passengers in cars by reducing threats.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The notification says that Vehicles manufactured on and after the April 1, 2021, in the case of new models, and August 31, 2021, in the case of existing models, have to be fitted with airbags for individuals on the first seat, including the person sitting beside the driver.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Implications</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Airbags for the driver’s side of a vehicle is compulsory since 2019. The new notifications have been put for public consultation process.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The latest notification is for all existing models in the M1 category in which motor vehicles do not have more than eight seats in addition to the driver’s. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">All new vehicle models launched in the upcoming financial year will compulsorily have two airbags in front from the beginning.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Existing car models sold without a side airbag have to be modified to adjust with the new notification. The companies have time until August 31, 2021 to do so.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">India has about 10% of all road accident victims in the world. The new feature will reduce risks for the individual sitting beside the driver by giving additional protection.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Importance of airbags</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">An airbag acts as a protective layer between the passenger and the car’s dashboard during an accident.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Front airbags are made to inflate so that it can prevent a person’s head and chest from hitting hard structures in the vehicle.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Several international study have found out that large number of lives have been saved by an airbag as it reduced impact as well as injuries.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Use of airbags and seatbelts reduce risk of deaths in frontal passengers by about 61%. Airbags alone reduces risk by about 34%.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Effects on car business</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The new rules force the car manufacturers to increase the prices of their vehicles as they will have to accommodate air bags.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The customers have to bear the price rise even though the feature may save large number of casualties in accidents.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Other safety features</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)</strong>: It prevents the wheels from locking under braking, and allows the driver to have control of vehicle even in a panic-braking scenario. The Centre had made fitting of ABS compulsory for manufacturers from April 2019.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Speed Alert System</strong>: Once the car passes the speed of 80 km/hr, this system sends out an alarm every 60 seconds. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Reverse Parking Sensors</strong>: The sensors come into play when the reverse gear is activated and will give out a warning if there are barriers in the path of the reversing car.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Seat belt reminder</span></span></strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">: The car will sound an alarm if both the driver and front passenger are not wearing seat belts.</span></span></p>
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'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The union government has passed a new notification making airbags compulsory for all vehicles in the country.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The new notification is said to be a new safety feature and has been initiated on the advice of the Supreme Court of India.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The announcement is a part of the Union government’s plans to improve safety of passengers in cars by reducing threats.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The notification says that Vehicles manufactured on and after the April 1, 2021, in the case of new models, and August 31, 2021, in the case of existing models, have to be fitted with airbags for individuals on the first seat, including the person sitting beside the driver.</span></span></p>
</li>
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<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Implications</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Airbags for the driver’s side of a vehicle is compulsory since 2019. The new notifications have been put for public consultation process.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The latest notification is for all existing models in the M1 category in which motor vehicles do not have more than eight seats in addition to the driver’s. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">All new vehicle models launched in the upcoming financial year will compulsorily have two airbags in front from the beginning.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Existing car models sold without a side airbag have to be modified to adjust with the new notification. The companies have time until August 31, 2021 to do so.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">India has about 10% of all road accident victims in the world. The new feature will reduce risks for the individual sitting beside the driver by giving additional protection.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Importance of airbags</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">An airbag acts as a protective layer between the passenger and the car’s dashboard during an accident.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Front airbags are made to inflate so that it can prevent a person’s head and chest from hitting hard structures in the vehicle.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Several international study have found out that large number of lives have been saved by an airbag as it reduced impact as well as injuries.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Use of airbags and seatbelts reduce risk of deaths in frontal passengers by about 61%. Airbags alone reduces risk by about 34%.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Effects on car business</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The new rules force the car manufacturers to increase the prices of their vehicles as they will have to accommodate air bags.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The customers have to bear the price rise even though the feature may save large number of casualties in accidents.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Other safety features</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)</strong>: It prevents the wheels from locking under braking, and allows the driver to have control of vehicle even in a panic-braking scenario. The Centre had made fitting of ABS compulsory for manufacturers from April 2019.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Speed Alert System</strong>: Once the car passes the speed of 80 km/hr, this system sends out an alarm every 60 seconds. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Reverse Parking Sensors</strong>: The sensors come into play when the reverse gear is activated and will give out a warning if there are barriers in the path of the reversing car.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">Seat belt reminder</span></span></strong><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"">: The car will sound an alarm if both the driver and front passenger are not wearing seat belts.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
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