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Tag Wise Current Affairs
Tag: Fourth Industrial Revolution
SAIL launches Smart Environment-Friendly Garbage bins
Tags: Robotics, Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 20 March 2019
NITI Aayogorganises FinTech Conclave 2019
Tags: Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 25 March 2019
Wipro, IIT-Kharagpur partner for advanced research in 5G and AI
Tags: Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 30 March 2019
Globalcoin: Facebook to launch cryptocurrency in 2020
Tags: Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 29 May 2019
MeitY, NASSCOM to jointly set up IoT centre in Visakhapatnam
Tags: Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 29 May 2019
Hyderabad: India's first blockchain district
Tags: Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 29 May 2019
Government identifies 9 missions for scientific innovation
Tags: IT, Mobile & Computers, Artificial Intelligence, Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 07 March 2019
Medicine From the Sky: Telangana Govt, WEF ink MoU
Tags: IT, Mobile & Computers, Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 20 July 2019
AI to detect banana pests and diseases
Tags: Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 19 August 2019
Intel launches first Artificial Intelligence chip
Tags: Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 26 August 2019
Machine learning model to determine spread of skin cancer
Tags: Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 03 November 2019
Artificial Intelligence puts final notes on Beethoven’s tenth symphony
Tags: Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 14 December 2019
Google AI model beats humans in detecting breast cancer
Tags: Fourth Industrial Revolution
Published on: 03 January 2020
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'title' => 'SAIL launches Smart Environment-Friendly Garbage bins',
'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) has launched smart environment-friendly garbage bins made of SAIL SALEM stainless steel. The smart garbage bin integrates technology for smart waste management. It can send signal to the collection vehicle about the ''fill-up'' position. </span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">SAIL's Stainless Steel Garbage bin </span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It will be used to develop Smart Garbage Stations that will be set up at Bhikaji Cama Place, New Delhi by SDMC (South Delhi Municipal Corporation). </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It will be installed in underground RCC pits in this Station, which will not only collect unbridled garbage of city, but will also save people from stink and diseases. </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It will have IOT (Internet of Things) enabled Gazelle sensors on pit cover which will transmit signals to collection vehicle about “fill-up” position. </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">There will be separate bins for recyclable wastes and non-recyclable wastes. Since the bins will be placed under ground.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Benefits:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> Smart Garbage Stations with Smart Stainless Steel garbage bins developed by SAIL will give smart look to cities and also help to promote image of Clean India around the world. It will also provide better cleaning services to public and reduce human intervention.</span></span></span></li>
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<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)</span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It is India’s largest public sector steel producer. It is public sector undertaking, owned and operated by the Government of India.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was incorporated in 1973 and is headquartered in New Delhi. It is one of the eight Maharatna CPSEs (central public sector enterprises).</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It operates and owns 5 integrated steel plants at Bhilai, Durgapur, Rourkela, Bokaro and Burnpur (Asansol) and 3 special steel plants at Durgapur, Salem and Bhadravathi. It also owns Ferro Alloy plant at Chandrapur. </span></span></span></li>
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'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">NITI Aayog has organized FinTech Conclave in New Delhi with objective to shape India’s continued ascendancy in FinTech. It was inaugurated by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor Shaktikanta Das. It facilitated stakeholder deliberation upon future of India’s burgeoning FinTech (Financial Technology) space.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"> </p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">FinTech Conclave 2019</span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It seeks to build narrative for future strategy and policy efforts, and to deliberate steps for comprehensive financial inclusion.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It was attended by representatives from across the financial space - central ministries, bankers, regulators, startups, service providers and entrepreneurs.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Its valedictory sessions were based on themes such as Building Financial Products for Millennial India, Digital Onboarding of Customers/Merchants for Financial Inclusion, Emerging Areas of FinTech, Fast Tracking Investments in FinTech Industry and Financial Inclusion of MSMEs.</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Background</span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"> </p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">FinTech (Financial Technology is used to describe new tech that seeks to improve and automate delivery and use of financial services. <span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span>At its core, it is utilized to help companies, consumers and business owners to better manage their financial operations, processes by utilizing specialized software and algorithms.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"> </p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">India is one of the fastest growing FinTech markets globally and industry research has projected that US $1 Trillion or 60% of retail and SME credit, will be digitally disbursed by 2029. </span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"> </p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Indian FinTech ecosystem is third largest in globe, attracting nearly US $6 billion in investments since 2014. It is creating cutting edge intellectual property assets in advanced risk management and artificial intelligence (AI) that will propel India forward in global digital economy while simultaneously enabling paperless access to finance for every Indian.</span></span></p>
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'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">IT services major Wipro has partnered with Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur to collaborate on industry-focused applied research in the areas of 5G and artificial intelligence (AI).</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Under this partnership </span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Wipro and IIT Kharagpur will jointly take up applied research projects on industry challenges related to design, planning and operations of 5G networks and cognitive information processing for automation of these processes and 5G use cases.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">They will focus on AI research applicable in education, healthcare and retail sectors as well as in domains such as cybersecurity and climate change.<strong> </strong>They will promote knowledge sharing through guest lectures, workshops and seminars on 5G and AI.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Wipro will leverage research outcomes from this partnership to develop solutions for its customers, across industry verticals. IIT Kharagpur on other hand will benefit from commercialisation of joint research insights and Wipro's industry expertise.</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
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'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution',
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'id' => (int) 1241,
'title' => 'Globalcoin: Facebook to launch cryptocurrency in 2020',
'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Social networking giant Facebook is planning to launch its own open cryptocurrency called <strong>“GlobalCoin”</strong> in many major markets by 2020 under its “Project Libra” scheme. Through, GlobalCoin, Facebook seeks to make money transfers faster and cheaper. Besides, it will also unlock variety of new potential revenue sources for Facebook as it will increase its revenue diversification into financial services. Facebook is working with online merchants to accept GlobalCoin as payment in return for lower transaction fees. The key target market for Facebook’s Globalcoin is people without bank accounts.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">GlobalCoin</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will be <strong>open cryptocurrency system</strong> i.e. it will be more liquid and easier to exchange to/from fiat currency as compared to close cryptocurrency system such as bitcoin.</span></span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will be different from most other digital payments systems as it will enable consumers to use the currency even if they don’t have bank account. </span></span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Its value will be pegged to basket of established currencies, including US dollar, euro and the Japanese yen, to stabilize value of digital currency. (Whereas in most of crypto currencies, their value is fluctuating based on their demand and supply)</span></span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will enable Facebook users to convert legal currencies such as dollars and other international currencies directly into its digital coins.</span></span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">This will enable users to buy things on internet and in other outlets, or even to transfer money to another user.</span></span></span></span></li>
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'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution',
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'title' => 'MeitY, NASSCOM to jointly set up IoT centre in Visakhapatnam',
'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Union Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) will set up Centre of Excellence (COE) in Internet of Things (IoT) in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh in association with National Association of Software and Services Companies (NASSCOM). It will be fourth CO in process of being established by NASSCOM and MeitY for industries after Bengaluru, Gurugram and Ahmedabad. All these centres will promote the use of artificial intelligence by the industries. Industries would be encouraged for use of chat-bots, robots, power plants, data analytics and automation in the domains of automobiles, mineral-based plants, health, and finance (loan distribution).</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">National Policy on Software Products </span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It was approved by Union Cabinet in February 2019. It aims at developing India as Software Product Nation and global leader in conception, design, development and production of intellectual capital driven Software Products and accelerat growth of entire spectrum of IT Industry of the country.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Its objective is to nurture 10,000 technology startups including 1,000 in tier-II and tier-III towns, to create talent pool for software products industry by upskilling one million IT professionals, motivating 1 lakh school and college students and specialise 10,000 professionals who can provide leadership.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It also envisages creation of a dedicated software product development fund with corpus of </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Rs. </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">1,000 crore and launching of scheme to create corpus of Rs.5,000 crore with an end target to have at</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif""> least 100 Indian software product companies with valuation of Rs.</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">500 crore. It also proposes to extend research and innovation support to institutes of higher learning by allotting Rs.500 crore.</span></span></span></span></p>
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'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution',
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'title' => 'Hyderabad: India's first blockchain district',
'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Telangana government will set up the country’s first ‘Blockchain district’ in its capital city Hyderabad to create an ecosystem for all the start-ups and institutes working in Blockchain technology. It was announced as part of state government’s recently released draft Blockchain policy.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Blockchain District</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will house all major blockchain technology companies and will have huge incubator and world-class facility for promoting research, innovation and industry collaboration. </span></span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will focus on R&D in block chain technology in the field of banking, financial services and insurance, pharma and healthcare, logistics and supply chain and government sectors.</span></span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will be based around four main pillars: Developing talent pool, supporting infrastructure, promoting research and innovation and enabling collaboration and building community. </span></span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will provide academic institutions and industry platform to come together to promote research and innovation.</span></span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Blockchain</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It is a distributed ledger or decentralized digital ledger technology for storing data across peer-to-peer network.</span></span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It decentralizes information without it being copied. Thus, it is kind of self-auditing ecosystem of digital value.</span></span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Information is held on blockchain through shared database can be accessed on real-time basis. It is transparent and incorruptible. </span></span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It promises secured transactions as it disallows changes to ‘blocks’ of recorded information. It automatically checks every transaction that happens in it. </span></span></span></span></li>
</ul>
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'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution',
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'title' => 'Government identifies 9 missions for scientific innovation ',
'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Government has identified nine missions and four key projects of national importance to address societal needs in areas such as health, education, data security, transportation, clean energy and agriculture. </span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">These missions and key projects were identified by Prime Minister's Advisory Council on Science, Technology & Innovation. They are aimed at solving complex scientific problems in reasonable time-frame and bring fruits of scientific development to citizens' doorsteps through various innovations, </span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Each of these missions along with four projects will be led by nodal ministry which will implement it by engaging international and national institutional partners, scientists and industries.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Nine missions:</span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Quantum Frontier:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It will focus on network and data protection to enable robust cyber security system</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Natural Language Translation:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It will provide access to scientific materials in native Indian language</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Artificial Intelligence:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It will focus on use of intelligent computing system in areas such as healthcare, education, agriculture and transportation among others.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">National Biodiversity:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It will include comprehensive documentation of India's biodiversity and mapping all lifeforms of the country.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Electric Vehicles:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It will aim to make EVs economically viable and scalable</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Bio-Science for Human Health:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It aims at genomic study of humans to identify and unravel genetic basis and prevalence of rare and inherited diseases</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Waste to Wealth:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It seeks to develop and deploy technology to treat waste to generate energy, recycle materials and extract wealth</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Deep Ocean Exploration</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">: It will aim at exploring deep oceans for resources, climate change advisory services, offshore based desalination techniques and renewable energy generation among others </span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">AGNIi-Accelerating Growth for New India's Innovations (AGNIi):</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It will be for taking technologies to commercialization. Under it, efforts will be made to boost innovation ecosystem.</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Four Projects are</span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Setting up research clusters</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Establishing state-of-the -art 'Earth Museum'.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Conserving critical ecological lifeline of Brahmaputra river system.</span></span></span></li>
<li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Developing comprehensive web portal linking researchers with resources.</span></span></span></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Prime Minister's Advisory Council on Science, Technology & Innovation (PM-STIAC)</span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was constituted in August 2018 headed by Principal Scientific Advisor to government K Vijay Raghavan.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Mandate:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> (i) advise PM on science, technology, as well as innovation. (ii) coordinate implementation of PMs scientific vision. (iii) Aid in formulation and timely implementation of major science and technology missions and evolve interdisciplinary technology development programmes. (iv) advise government on developing ‘Clusters of Excellence’ in science including city-based R&D clusters. (vi) Bring together all science and technology partners from academia and institutes to industries near such centres or cities.</span></span></span></p>
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'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution',
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'title' => 'Medicine From the Sky: Telangana Govt, WEF ink MoU',
'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Telangana Government and World Economic Forum's Centre for Fourth Industrial Revolution Network signed MoU to launch ‘Medicine from the Sky’ project. It is innovative pilot project aimed at delivering emergency medical supplies such as blood and vaccines via drones.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">About Medicine from the Sky Project</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Bodies involved in this pilot project:</span></span></strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif""> Telangana Government, World Economic Forum's Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution Network in partnership with the HealthNet Global Limited. </span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Features:</span></span></strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif""> It conduct comprehensive study of drone-based deliveries for blood, vaccines, medical samples and organs i.e. to study how delivery drones can be used to improve medical supply chains,.</span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Benefits: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will provide evidence-based approach for implementation of drones in healthcare, enabling emergency-care services to t patients in shortest time frame possible, thus saving their live. It will help to facilitate decision-making in healthcare supply chains, address issues that affect medical distribution system and focus on last-mile deliveries.</span></span></span></span></li>
</ul>
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'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution',
'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution',
'id' => (int) 1941,
'title' => 'AI to detect banana pests and diseases',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Issue</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:40px; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">A new app has been developed which will make use of Artificial Intelligence to detect pests and diseases in Banana plants.</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Background</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#333333">Growing banana plant problem is easy but there are some issues that need to be considered. Many banana plants are susceptible to pests and diseases that may afflict it</span></span></span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#333333">.</span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Details</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">The tool to distinguish various plant species, disease, fungus and other related features has been incorporated into an App called <strong>Tumaini</strong>, meaning hope in Swahili, and is being tested.</span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">The developed new Artificial Intelligence system (AI) can look at photographs and tell what disease the plant has and also give recommendations and treatment options to the farmers. The results showed that the model was over 90% accurate.</span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">When users take the photo, it gets uploaded to a global system for large-scale monitoring. Also, it is automatically GPS-tagged so we know what and where the problem is.</span></span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">Yellow leaf spot</span></span></span></strong><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828"> and <strong>Fusarium</strong> <strong>wilt</strong> are the major fungal diseases in India and farmers spend a lot of money on fungicides. Apart from the fungal disease, the viral disease such as <strong>Banana Bunchy top virus</strong> is a big problem in India.</span></span></span></span></span></li>
</ul>
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'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution',
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'id' => (int) 2009,
'title' => 'Intel launches first Artificial Intelligence chip',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Issue</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">Intel Corporation on has launched its latest processor, its first using artificial intelligence (AI), designed for large computing centres.</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Background</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#222222">Artificial intelligence</span></span></span></strong><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#222222"> (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using the information), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions) and self-correction.</span></span></span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Details</span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">The chip, developed at its development facility in Haifa, </span></span></span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Israel. It is known as<strong><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="color:#282828"> Nervana NNP-I </span></span></strong><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="color:#282828">or <strong>Springhill</strong> and is based on a 10 nanometre Ice Lake processor that will allow it to cope with high workloads using minimal amounts of energy.</span></span></span></span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">New hardware chip will help Intel Xeon processors in large companies as the need for complicated computations in the AI field have increased.</span></span></span></span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">Applications of AI</span></span></span></span></strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">In agriculture new AI advancements show improvements in gaining yield and to increase the research and development of growing crops.</span></span></span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">The Air Operations Division (AOD) uses AI for the rule based expert systems. </span></span></span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Use of complex AI systems to make trading decisions at speeds several orders of magnitudes greater than any humans. It is capable of, often making millions of trades in a day without any human intervention.</span></span></span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Artificial neural networks are used as clinical decision support systems for medical diagnosis, such as in Concept Processing technology in EMR software.</span></span></span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
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'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution',
'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution',
'id' => (int) 2620,
'title' => 'Quantum computing',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Google said it had achieved a breakthrough in computer research, by solving a complex problem in minutes with a so-called quantum computer that would take today’s most powerful supercomputer thousands of years to crack.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Google developed a microprocessor, named <strong>Sycamore</strong>, that packs a total of 54 qubits. In their experiment, the researchers were able to get 53 of the qubits, connected to each other in a lattice pattern to interact in a so-called quantum state.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Quantum supremacy describes the ability of a quantum computer to outperform their classical counterparts.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Traditional computing relies on bits, or ones and zeros, quantum computing uses quantum bits, or qubits, that can be both one and zero at the same time.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">This property, called superposition, multiplies exponentially as qubits become entangled with each other. The more qubits that can be strung together, the vastly more powerful a quantum computer becomes.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The researchers set the quantum computer a complex task to detect patterns in a series of seemingly random numbers. It solved the problem in 3 minutes and 20 seconds.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">They estimated that the same problem would take 10,000 years for a Summit supercomputer , the most powerful in the world today to solve.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Quantum computing</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Quantum computers perform calculations based on the probability of an object's state before it is measured - instead of just 1s or 0s - which means they have the potential to process exponentially more data compared to classical computers.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Classical computers carry out logical operations using the definite position of a physical state.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">These are usually binary, meaning its operations are based on one of two positions. A single state - such as on or off, up or down, 1 or 0 - is called a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit">bit</a>.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In <a href="https://www.sciencealert.com/quantum-computers" target="_blank" title="quantum computing">quantum computing</a>, operations instead use the quantum state of an object to produce what's known as a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qubit">qubit</a>.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">These states are the undefined properties of an object before they've been detected, such as the spin of an electron or the polarisation of a photon.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Qubits</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In quantum computing, a qubit (/?kju?b?t/) or quantum bit (sometimes qbit) is the basic unit of quantum information, the quantum version of the classical binary bit physically realized with a two-state device.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system, one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the peculiarity of quantum mechanics.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In a classical system, a bit would have to be in one state or the other. However, quantum mechanics allows the qubit to be in a coherent superposition of both states/levels simultaneously.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
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'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution',
'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution',
'id' => (int) 2674,
'title' => 'Machine learning model to determine spread of skin cancer',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The 17 genomic signatures, which help in identifying cancerous growth were found out using Machine learning model that can discriminate metastatic from primary skin melanoma. </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">These signatures also have high sensitivity (in case tumour is metastatic), and high specificity (in case the tumour is primary). </span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Using the expression of 17 key genes (messenger RNAs) it is now possible to distinguish primary and metastatic cutaneous melanoma, which is the most common type of skin cancer<strong>. </strong></span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">While 11 of the 17 genes have already been reported by other studies for cutaneous melanoma, it is for the first time that the potential role of remaining six genomic signatures in classifying samples as either primary or metastatic skin cutaneous cancer has been made.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Unlike in the case of primary skin melanoma, people with metastatic cutaneous melanoma have reduced survival rate and higher mortality rates.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">It therefore becomes important to be able to identify and classify skin cutaneous melanoma as either primary or metastatic so correct therapeutic strategies can be chalked out and survival rates can improve in patients.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Six machine learning models were used to study and validate the genomic signatures. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">They used expression profile of messenger RNA, micro RNA and methylation profile for discriminating tumour as primary or metastatic.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">While messenger RNA outperformed microRNA in discriminating the status of the tumour, a particular microRNA was found to be a strong predictor of metastatic melanoma.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The genomic signatures can also help in further categorising different stages of metastasis.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">It can tell if the tumour has spread to lymphatic nodes, which is an early stage of metastasis. Also, it can tell if the cancer has spread to distant parts of the body, which is a late stage of metastasis.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The researchers have further integrated the major prediction models in the webserver called CancerSPP that will help clinicians in classifying cutaneous melanoma as primary or metastatic using RNA sequence data, microRNA and methylation expression data.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The analysis module in the CancerSPP webserver will provide information on the role of each of the important genes in various stages of metastasis and whether the expression of a gene is up-regulated or down-regulated.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
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'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">A team of musicologists and programmers is racing to complete a version of the piece of Beethoven’s incomplete tenth symphony using artificial intelligence.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The final result of the project will be performed by a full orchestra on April 28 next year in Bonn, a centrepiece of celebrations for a composer who defined the romantic era of classical music.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Beethoven began working on the Tenth Symphony alongside his Ninth, which includes the world-famous "Ode To Joy".But he quickly gave up on the Tenth, leaving only a few notes and drafts by the time he died aged 57.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In the project, machine-learning software has been fed all of Beethoven's work and is now composing possible continuations of the symphony in the composer's style.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Similar AI experiments based on works by Bach, Mahler and Schubert have been less than impressive.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Beethoven</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the classical and romantic eras in classical music, he remains one of the most recognized and influential musicians of this period, and is considered to be one of the greatest composers of all time.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Artificial Intelligence</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Artificial intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using the information), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions) and self-correction.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Applications</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Social welfare</strong></span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Goal of using AI to address socially relevant problems such as homelessness. Involves employing AI to tackle some of the world's greatest economic and social challenges.</span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Agriculture</strong></span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In agriculture new AI advancements show improvements in gaining yield and to increase the research and development of growing crops. New artificial intelligence now predicts the time it takes for a crop to be ripe and ready for picking thus increasing efficiency of farming along with quality parameters.</span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Aviation</strong></span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">It has use for artificial intelligence for surrogate operators for combat and training simulators, mission management aids, support systems for tactical decision making, and post processing of the simulator data into symbolic summaries.</span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Computer Science</strong></span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">AI researchers have created many tools to solve the most difficult problems in computer science. Many of their inventions have been adopted by mainstream computer science and are no longer considered a part of AI.</span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Education</strong></span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">AI tutors could allow for students to get extra, one-on-one help. They could also reduce anxiety and stress for some students, that may be caused by tutor labs or human tutors.</span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Trading</strong></span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Algorithmic trading involves the use of complex AI systems to make trading decisions at speeds several orders of magnitudes greater than any human is capable of.</span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Industries</strong></span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Robots have become common in many industries and are often given jobs that are considered dangerous to humans.</span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Hospitals and Medicines</strong></span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Artificial neural networks are used as clinical decision support systems for medical diagnosis.</span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Military</strong></span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The main military applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are to enhance Command and Control, Communications, Sensors, Integration and Interoperability.</span></span></p>
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'title' => 'Google AI model beats humans in detecting breast cancer',
'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Google is developing artificial intelligence to help doctors identify breast cancer. The model, which scans X-ray images known as mammograms, reduces the number of false negatives by 9.4 percent.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Today, breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women, beat out only by lung cancer in its deadliness and overall prevalence. Early detection is the best defense most people have in identifying and treating the disease.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">While mammograms are the most common detection tool, they miss a large number of cases.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Researchers used anonymized mammograms from more than 25,000 women in the UK and 3,000 women in the US and tried to follow the same principles radiologists might follow.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The team first trained AI to scan X-ray images, then looked for signs of breast cancer by identifying changes in the breasts of the 28,000 women. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">They then checked the computer’s guesses against the women's’ actual medical outcomes.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Ultimately, they were able to reduce false negatives by 9.4 percent and cut down false positives by 5.7 percent for women in the US.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In the UK, the model cut down false negatives by 2.7 percent and reduced false positives by 1.2 percent. </span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The model performs better than an individual radiologist in both the UK and the US.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">While researchers found that AI outperformed doctors in identifying breast cancer in most cases, there were also instances where doctors flagged cancer that the model originally missed.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Google has been trying to frame this project as one that will <em>help</em> radiologists, not replace them. Bringing the two together could strengthen the overall results.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
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'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The first project of Samsung’s Star Labs, NEONs are being called the world’s first artificial humans. They look and behave like real humans, and could one day develop memories and emotions.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Star Labs is Samsung Technology & Advanced Research Labs (not to be confused with the fictional labs of DC Comics), an independent project funded by the Korean tech giant.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">NEONs are computationally created virtual humans — the word derives from NEO (new) + humaN. For now the virtual humans can show emotions when manually controlled by their creators.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">But the idea is for NEONs to become intelligent enough to be fully autonomous, showing emotions, learning skills, creating memories, and being intelligent on their own.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Star Labs started work on NEONs by trying to replicate a friend. Initially, the models were trained on his face, and there were significant errors. But then, they started getting better, almost indistinguishable from the original.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">There are two core technologies behind his virtual humans. First, there is the proprietary CORE R3 technology that drives the reality, real time and responsiveness behind NEONs.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">It is like a rendition engine, converting the mathematical models to look like actual humans. At the moment the latency for response is less than a few milliseconds.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The next stage will be SPECTRA, which will complement CORE R3 with the spectrum of intelligence, learning, emotions and memory.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Company sees a world in which NEONs are the interface for technologies and services. They will answer your queries at a bank, welcome you at a restaurant, or read out the breaking news on television at an unearthly hour.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Virtual assistants and NEONs</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Virtual Assistants now learn from all the data they are plugged into. NEONs will be limited to what they know and learn. Their leaning could potentially be limited to the person they are catering to, and maybe her friends, but not the entire Internet.</span></span></p>
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<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The first project of Samsung’s Star Labs, NEONs are being called the world’s first artificial humans. They look and behave like real humans, and could one day develop memories and emotions.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Star Labs is Samsung Technology & Advanced Research Labs (not to be confused with the fictional labs of DC Comics), an independent project funded by the Korean tech giant.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"> </p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">NEONs are computationally created virtual humans — the word derives from NEO (new) + humaN. For now the virtual humans can show emotions when manually controlled by their creators.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">But the idea is for NEONs to become intelligent enough to be fully autonomous, showing emotions, learning skills, creating memories, and being intelligent on their own.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Star Labs started work on NEONs by trying to replicate a friend. Initially, the models were trained on his face, and there were significant errors. But then, they started getting better, almost indistinguishable from the original.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">There are two core technologies behind his virtual humans. First, there is the proprietary CORE R3 technology that drives the reality, real time and responsiveness behind NEONs.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">It is like a rendition engine, converting the mathematical models to look like actual humans. At the moment the latency for response is less than a few milliseconds.</span></span></p>
</li>
<li>
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</li>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Company sees a world in which NEONs are the interface for technologies and services. They will answer your queries at a bank, welcome you at a restaurant, or read out the breaking news on television at an unearthly hour.</span></span></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Virtual assistants and NEONs</strong></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Virtual Assistants now learn from all the data they are plugged into. NEONs will be limited to what they know and learn. Their leaning could potentially be limited to the person they are catering to, and maybe her friends, but not the entire Internet.</span></span></p>
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It can send signal to the collection vehicle about the ''fill-up'' position. </span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">SAIL's Stainless Steel Garbage bin </span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It will be used to develop Smart Garbage Stations that will be set up at Bhikaji Cama Place, New Delhi by SDMC (South Delhi Municipal Corporation). </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It will be installed in underground RCC pits in this Station, which will not only collect unbridled garbage of city, but will also save people from stink and diseases. </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It will have IOT (Internet of Things) enabled Gazelle sensors on pit cover which will transmit signals to collection vehicle about “fill-up” position. </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">There will be separate bins for recyclable wastes and non-recyclable wastes. Since the bins will be placed under ground.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Benefits:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> Smart Garbage Stations with Smart Stainless Steel garbage bins developed by SAIL will give smart look to cities and also help to promote image of Clean India around the world. It will also provide better cleaning services to public and reduce human intervention.</span></span></span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL)</span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It is India’s largest public sector steel producer. It is public sector undertaking, owned and operated by the Government of India.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was incorporated in 1973 and is headquartered in New Delhi. 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It facilitated stakeholder deliberation upon future of India’s burgeoning FinTech (Financial Technology) space.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"> </p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">FinTech Conclave 2019</span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It seeks to build narrative for future strategy and policy efforts, and to deliberate steps for comprehensive financial inclusion.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It was attended by representatives from across the financial space - central ministries, bankers, regulators, startups, service providers and entrepreneurs.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Its valedictory sessions were based on themes such as Building Financial Products for Millennial India, Digital Onboarding of Customers/Merchants for Financial Inclusion, Emerging Areas of FinTech, Fast Tracking Investments in FinTech Industry and Financial Inclusion of MSMEs.</span></span></span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Background</span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"> </p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">FinTech (Financial Technology is used to describe new tech that seeks to improve and automate delivery and use of financial services. <span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span>At its core, it is utilized to help companies, consumers and business owners to better manage their financial operations, processes by utilizing specialized software and algorithms.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"> </p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">India is one of the fastest growing FinTech markets globally and industry research has projected that US $1 Trillion or 60% of retail and SME credit, will be digitally disbursed by 2029. </span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"> </p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Indian FinTech ecosystem is third largest in globe, attracting nearly US $6 billion in investments since 2014. It is creating cutting edge intellectual property assets in advanced risk management and artificial intelligence (AI) that will propel India forward in global digital economy while simultaneously enabling paperless access to finance for every Indian.</span></span></p> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'niti-aayogorganises-fintech-conclave-2019', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/8e13/8jd1pl6f9025b486g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/8e13/8jd1pl6f9025b486g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'NITI Aayogorganises FinTech Conclave 2019 | Daily Current Affairs', 'metakeyword' => 'NITI Aayogorganises FinTech Conclave 2019, Daily Current Affairs, In Science and Technology Current affairs, NITI Aayog, FinTech Conclave 2019, New Delhi, RBI Governor, India, GinTech sector', 'metadescription' => 'NITI Aayog has organized FinTech Conclave in New Delhi with objective to shape India’s continued ascendancy in FinTech. It was inaugurated by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) Governor Shaktikanta Das', 'author' => null, 'downlaodpdf' => '<a href="http://www.mediafire.com/file/m64stnzcas4a9ub/60th_National_Academy_Award.pdf/file" target="_blank">http://www.mediafire.com/file/m64stnzcas4a9ub/60th_National_Academy_Award.pdf/file</a>', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 2 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 591, 'title' => 'Wipro, IIT-Kharagpur partner for advanced research in 5G and AI', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">IT services major Wipro has partnered with Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur to collaborate on industry-focused applied research in the areas of 5G and artificial intelligence (AI).</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Under this partnership </span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Wipro and IIT Kharagpur will jointly take up applied research projects on industry challenges related to design, planning and operations of 5G networks and cognitive information processing for automation of these processes and 5G use cases.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">They will focus on AI research applicable in education, healthcare and retail sectors as well as in domains such as cybersecurity and climate change.<strong> </strong>They will promote knowledge sharing through guest lectures, workshops and seminars on 5G and AI.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Wipro will leverage research outcomes from this partnership to develop solutions for its customers, across industry verticals. IIT Kharagpur on other hand will benefit from commercialisation of joint research insights and Wipro's industry expertise.</span></span></span></li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'wipro-iit-kharagpur-partners-for-advanced-research-5g-ai', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/f80c/e2jzggowmrqt4l06g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/f80c/e2jzggowmrqt4l06g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Wipro, IIT-Kharagpur partner for advanced research in 5G and AI', 'metakeyword' => 'In Science and Technology Current Affairs, Wipro, IIT-Kharagpur,partners, advanced research, 5G, AI ', 'metadescription' => 'IT services major Wipro has partnered with Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur to collaborate on industry-focused applied research in the areas of 5G', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/cec2scccqg77m55/Wipro%2C_IIT-Kharagpur_partner.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 3 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 1241, 'title' => 'Globalcoin: Facebook to launch cryptocurrency in 2020', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Social networking giant Facebook is planning to launch its own open cryptocurrency called <strong>“GlobalCoin”</strong> in many major markets by 2020 under its “Project Libra” scheme. Through, GlobalCoin, Facebook seeks to make money transfers faster and cheaper. Besides, it will also unlock variety of new potential revenue sources for Facebook as it will increase its revenue diversification into financial services. Facebook is working with online merchants to accept GlobalCoin as payment in return for lower transaction fees. The key target market for Facebook’s Globalcoin is people without bank accounts.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">GlobalCoin</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will be <strong>open cryptocurrency system</strong> i.e. it will be more liquid and easier to exchange to/from fiat currency as compared to close cryptocurrency system such as bitcoin.</span></span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will be different from most other digital payments systems as it will enable consumers to use the currency even if they don’t have bank account. </span></span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Its value will be pegged to basket of established currencies, including US dollar, euro and the Japanese yen, to stabilize value of digital currency. (Whereas in most of crypto currencies, their value is fluctuating based on their demand and supply)</span></span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will enable Facebook users to convert legal currencies such as dollars and other international currencies directly into its digital coins.</span></span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">This will enable users to buy things on internet and in other outlets, or even to transfer money to another user.</span></span></span></span></li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'globalcoin-facebook-cryptocurrency-2020', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/c134/v2stvjjw17vf1wf6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/c134/v2stvjjw17vf1wf6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Globalcoin: Facebook to launch cryptocurrency in 2020', 'metakeyword' => 'Social networking giant Facebook is planning to launch its own open cryptocurrency called “GlobalCoin†in many major markets by 2020 under its “Project Libra†scheme.', 'metadescription' => 'Social networking giant Facebook is planning to launch its own open cryptocurrency called “GlobalCoin†in many major markets by 2020 under its “Project Libra†scheme.', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/9e7ec3vvlhxz8y9/Globalcoin_Facebook_to_launch.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 4 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 1237, 'title' => 'MeitY, NASSCOM to jointly set up IoT centre in Visakhapatnam', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Union Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) will set up Centre of Excellence (COE) in Internet of Things (IoT) in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh in association with National Association of Software and Services Companies (NASSCOM). It will be fourth CO in process of being established by NASSCOM and MeitY for industries after Bengaluru, Gurugram and Ahmedabad. All these centres will promote the use of artificial intelligence by the industries. Industries would be encouraged for use of chat-bots, robots, power plants, data analytics and automation in the domains of automobiles, mineral-based plants, health, and finance (loan distribution).</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">National Policy on Software Products </span></span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It was approved by Union Cabinet in February 2019. It aims at developing India as Software Product Nation and global leader in conception, design, development and production of intellectual capital driven Software Products and accelerat growth of entire spectrum of IT Industry of the country.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Its objective is to nurture 10,000 technology startups including 1,000 in tier-II and tier-III towns, to create talent pool for software products industry by upskilling one million IT professionals, motivating 1 lakh school and college students and specialise 10,000 professionals who can provide leadership.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It also envisages creation of a dedicated software product development fund with corpus of </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Rs. </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">1,000 crore and launching of scheme to create corpus of Rs.5,000 crore with an end target to have at</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif""> least 100 Indian software product companies with valuation of Rs.</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">500 crore. It also proposes to extend research and innovation support to institutes of higher learning by allotting Rs.500 crore.</span></span></span></span></p> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'meity-nasscom-iot-centre', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/5b40/s8nnw29jaz9wlvy6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/5b40/s8nnw29jaz9wlvy6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'MeitY, NASSCOM to jointly set up IoT centre in Visakhapatnam', 'metakeyword' => 'MeitY, NASSCOM to jointly set up IoT centre in Visakhapatnam', 'metadescription' => 'Union Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) will set up Centre of Excellence (COE) in Internet of Things (IoT) in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/194si5q7q2a7a0c/MeitY%2C_NASSCOM_to_jointly_set_up_IoT_centre_in_Visakhapatnam.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 5 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 1239, 'title' => 'Hyderabad: India's first blockchain district', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Telangana government will set up the country’s first ‘Blockchain district’ in its capital city Hyderabad to create an ecosystem for all the start-ups and institutes working in Blockchain technology. It was announced as part of state government’s recently released draft Blockchain policy.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Blockchain District</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will house all major blockchain technology companies and will have huge incubator and world-class facility for promoting research, innovation and industry collaboration. </span></span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will focus on R&D in block chain technology in the field of banking, financial services and insurance, pharma and healthcare, logistics and supply chain and government sectors.</span></span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will be based around four main pillars: Developing talent pool, supporting infrastructure, promoting research and innovation and enabling collaboration and building community. </span></span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will provide academic institutions and industry platform to come together to promote research and innovation.</span></span></span></span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Blockchain</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It is a distributed ledger or decentralized digital ledger technology for storing data across peer-to-peer network.</span></span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It decentralizes information without it being copied. Thus, it is kind of self-auditing ecosystem of digital value.</span></span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Information is held on blockchain through shared database can be accessed on real-time basis. It is transparent and incorruptible. </span></span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It promises secured transactions as it disallows changes to ‘blocks’ of recorded information. It automatically checks every transaction that happens in it. </span></span></span></span></li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'hyderabad-india-1st-blockchain-district', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/f8cc/b13u6x6s3wvkut46g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/f8cc/b13u6x6s3wvkut46g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Hyderabad: India's first blockchain district', 'metakeyword' => 'Telangana government will set up the country’s first ‘Blockchain district’ in its capital city Hyderabad ', 'metadescription' => 'Telangana government will set up the country’s first ‘Blockchain district’ in its capital city Hyderabad ', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/fpggw8srdo0s3m6/Hyderabad_India%27s_first_blockchain_district.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 6 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 371, 'title' => 'Government identifies 9 missions for scientific innovation ', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Government has identified nine missions and four key projects of national importance to address societal needs in areas such as health, education, data security, transportation, clean energy and agriculture. </span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">These missions and key projects were identified by Prime Minister's Advisory Council on Science, Technology & Innovation. They are aimed at solving complex scientific problems in reasonable time-frame and bring fruits of scientific development to citizens' doorsteps through various innovations, </span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Each of these missions along with four projects will be led by nodal ministry which will implement it by engaging international and national institutional partners, scientists and industries.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Nine missions:</span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Quantum Frontier:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It will focus on network and data protection to enable robust cyber security system</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Natural Language Translation:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It will provide access to scientific materials in native Indian language</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Artificial Intelligence:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It will focus on use of intelligent computing system in areas such as healthcare, education, agriculture and transportation among others.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">National Biodiversity:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It will include comprehensive documentation of India's biodiversity and mapping all lifeforms of the country.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Electric Vehicles:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It will aim to make EVs economically viable and scalable</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Bio-Science for Human Health:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It aims at genomic study of humans to identify and unravel genetic basis and prevalence of rare and inherited diseases</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Waste to Wealth:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It seeks to develop and deploy technology to treat waste to generate energy, recycle materials and extract wealth</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Deep Ocean Exploration</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">: It will aim at exploring deep oceans for resources, climate change advisory services, offshore based desalination techniques and renewable energy generation among others </span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">AGNIi-Accelerating Growth for New India's Innovations (AGNIi):</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> It will be for taking technologies to commercialization. Under it, efforts will be made to boost innovation ecosystem.</span></span></span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Four Projects are</span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Setting up research clusters</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Establishing state-of-the -art 'Earth Museum'.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Conserving critical ecological lifeline of Brahmaputra river system.</span></span></span></li> <li style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Developing comprehensive web portal linking researchers with resources.</span></span></span></li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Prime Minister's Advisory Council on Science, Technology & Innovation (PM-STIAC)</span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">It was constituted in August 2018 headed by Principal Scientific Advisor to government K Vijay Raghavan.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif">Mandate:</span></strong><span style="font-family:"Quicksand",serif"> (i) advise PM on science, technology, as well as innovation. (ii) coordinate implementation of PMs scientific vision. (iii) Aid in formulation and timely implementation of major science and technology missions and evolve interdisciplinary technology development programmes. (iv) advise government on developing ‘Clusters of Excellence’ in science including city-based R&D clusters. (vi) Bring together all science and technology partners from academia and institutes to industries near such centres or cities.</span></span></span></p> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => '9-missions-for-scientific-innovation', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/adf9/oscd7rj8co35v5u6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/adf9/oscd7rj8co35v5u6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Govt identifies 9 missions for scientific innovation ', 'metakeyword' => 'In Science and Technology Current Affairs, 9 missions , four projects, national importance, societal needs, health, education, data security, transportation, clean energy, agriculture', 'metadescription' => 'Nine missions and four key projects identified of national importance to address societal needs in areas such as health, education, data security, transportation, clean energy and agriculture.', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'http://www.mediafire.com/file/19y5kyqzx5iczze/7Mar_Government_identifies_9_missions.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 7 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 1748, 'title' => 'Medicine From the Sky: Telangana Govt, WEF ink MoU', 'description' => '<p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Telangana Government and World Economic Forum's Centre for Fourth Industrial Revolution Network signed MoU to launch ‘Medicine from the Sky’ project. It is innovative pilot project aimed at delivering emergency medical supplies such as blood and vaccines via drones.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:0in; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">About Medicine from the Sky Project</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Bodies involved in this pilot project:</span></span></strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif""> Telangana Government, World Economic Forum's Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution Network in partnership with the HealthNet Global Limited. </span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Features:</span></span></strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif""> It conduct comprehensive study of drone-based deliveries for blood, vaccines, medical samples and organs i.e. to study how delivery drones can be used to improve medical supply chains,.</span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">Benefits: </span></span></strong><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Quicksand","serif"">It will provide evidence-based approach for implementation of drones in healthcare, enabling emergency-care services to t patients in shortest time frame possible, thus saving their live. It will help to facilitate decision-making in healthcare supply chains, address issues that affect medical distribution system and focus on last-mile deliveries.</span></span></span></span></li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'medicine-from-the-sky-telangana-govt-wef', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/041e/p6emt51sxhhfddv6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/041e/p6emt51sxhhfddv6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Medicine From the Sky: Telangana Govt,', 'metakeyword' => 'Telangana Government and World Economic Forum's Centre for Fourth Industrial Revolution Network signed MoU to launch ‘Medicine from the Sky’ project', 'metadescription' => 'Telangana Government and World Economic Forum's Centre for Fourth Industrial Revolution Network signed MoU to launch ‘Medicine from the Sky’ project', 'author' => 'Nikhil Paigude', 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/vqikearebqzth18/Medicine_From_the_Sky.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 8 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 1941, 'title' => 'AI to detect banana pests and diseases', 'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Issue</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""> </span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-left:40px; margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">A new app has been developed which will make use of Artificial Intelligence to detect pests and diseases in Banana plants.</span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Background</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#333333">Growing banana plant problem is easy but there are some issues that need to be considered. Many banana plants are susceptible to pests and diseases that may afflict it</span></span></span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#333333">.</span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Details</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">The tool to distinguish various plant species, disease, fungus and other related features has been incorporated into an App called <strong>Tumaini</strong>, meaning hope in Swahili, and is being tested.</span></span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">The developed new Artificial Intelligence system (AI) can look at photographs and tell what disease the plant has and also give recommendations and treatment options to the farmers. The results showed that the model was over 90% accurate.</span></span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">When users take the photo, it gets uploaded to a global system for large-scale monitoring. Also, it is automatically GPS-tagged so we know what and where the problem is.</span></span></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">Yellow leaf spot</span></span></span></strong><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828"> and <strong>Fusarium</strong> <strong>wilt</strong> are the major fungal diseases in India and farmers spend a lot of money on fungicides. Apart from the fungal disease, the viral disease such as <strong>Banana Bunchy top virus</strong> is a big problem in India.</span></span></span></span></span></li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'ai-to-detect-banana-pests-and-diseases', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/9667/ry43g9uovb9eiul6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/9667/ry43g9uovb9eiul6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'AI to detect banana pests and diseases', 'metakeyword' => 'AI to detect banana pests and diseases', 'metadescription' => 'A new app has been developed which will make use of Artificial Intelligence to detect pests and diseases in Banana plants', 'author' => null, 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/b7pq2i5uljx9t9r/AI_to_detect_banana_pests_and_diseases.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 9 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 2009, 'title' => 'Intel launches first Artificial Intelligence chip', 'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Issue</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">Intel Corporation on has launched its latest processor, its first using artificial intelligence (AI), designed for large computing centres.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Background</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#222222">Artificial intelligence</span></span></span></strong><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#222222"> (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using the information), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions) and self-correction.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Details</span></span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">The chip, developed at its development facility in Haifa, </span></span></span><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Israel. It is known as<strong><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="color:#282828"> Nervana NNP-I </span></span></strong><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="color:#282828">or <strong>Springhill</strong> and is based on a 10 nanometre Ice Lake processor that will allow it to cope with high workloads using minimal amounts of energy.</span></span></span></span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">New hardware chip will help Intel Xeon processors in large companies as the need for complicated computations in the AI field have increased.</span></span></span></span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="background-color:whitesmoke"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif""><span style="color:#282828">Applications of AI</span></span></span></span></strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">In agriculture new AI advancements show improvements in gaining yield and to increase the research and development of growing crops.</span></span></span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">The Air Operations Division (AOD) uses AI for the rule based expert systems. </span></span></span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Use of complex AI systems to make trading decisions at speeds several orders of magnitudes greater than any humans. It is capable of, often making millions of trades in a day without any human intervention.</span></span></span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="background-color:white"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"">Artificial neural networks are used as clinical decision support systems for medical diagnosis, such as in Concept Processing technology in EMR software.</span></span></span></span></p> </li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'intel-launches-first-ia-chip', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/f60f/70c4cdy2sc05vqw6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/f60f/70c4cdy2sc05vqw6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Intel launches first Artificial Intelligence chip', 'metakeyword' => 'Intel launches first Artificial Intelligence chip, Artificial Intelligence chip', 'metadescription' => 'Intel Corporation on has launched its latest processor, its first using artificial intelligence (AI), designed for large computing centres.', 'author' => null, 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/v2pjefdvlsdd3sd/Intel_launches_first_Artificial.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 10 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 2620, 'title' => 'Quantum computing', 'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Google said it had achieved a breakthrough in computer research, by solving a complex problem in minutes with a so-called quantum computer that would take today’s most powerful supercomputer thousands of years to crack.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Google developed a microprocessor, named <strong>Sycamore</strong>, that packs a total of 54 qubits. In their experiment, the researchers were able to get 53 of the qubits, connected to each other in a lattice pattern to interact in a so-called quantum state.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Quantum supremacy describes the ability of a quantum computer to outperform their classical counterparts.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Traditional computing relies on bits, or ones and zeros, quantum computing uses quantum bits, or qubits, that can be both one and zero at the same time.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">This property, called superposition, multiplies exponentially as qubits become entangled with each other. The more qubits that can be strung together, the vastly more powerful a quantum computer becomes.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The researchers set the quantum computer a complex task to detect patterns in a series of seemingly random numbers. It solved the problem in 3 minutes and 20 seconds.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">They estimated that the same problem would take 10,000 years for a Summit supercomputer , the most powerful in the world today to solve.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Quantum computing</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Quantum computers perform calculations based on the probability of an object's state before it is measured - instead of just 1s or 0s - which means they have the potential to process exponentially more data compared to classical computers.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Classical computers carry out logical operations using the definite position of a physical state.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">These are usually binary, meaning its operations are based on one of two positions. A single state - such as on or off, up or down, 1 or 0 - is called a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit">bit</a>.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In <a href="https://www.sciencealert.com/quantum-computers" target="_blank" title="quantum computing">quantum computing</a>, operations instead use the quantum state of an object to produce what's known as a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qubit">qubit</a>.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">These states are the undefined properties of an object before they've been detected, such as the spin of an electron or the polarisation of a photon.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0cm"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Qubits</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In quantum computing, a qubit (/?kju?b?t/) or quantum bit (sometimes qbit) is the basic unit of quantum information, the quantum version of the classical binary bit physically realized with a two-state device.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system, one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the peculiarity of quantum mechanics.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In a classical system, a bit would have to be in one state or the other. However, quantum mechanics allows the qubit to be in a coherent superposition of both states/levels simultaneously.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'quantum-computing', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/b34a/tgj1xlbbm0wp6mz6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/b34a/tgj1xlbbm0wp6mz6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Quantum computing', 'metakeyword' => 'In a classical system, a bit would have to be in one state or the', 'metadescription' => 'In a classical system, a bit would have to be in one state or the other. However, quantum mechanics allows the qubit to be in a coherent superposition of both ', 'author' => null, 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/hpi2dc6c0hysvo4/Quantum_computing.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 11 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 2674, 'title' => 'Machine learning model to determine spread of skin cancer', 'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The 17 genomic signatures, which help in identifying cancerous growth were found out using Machine learning model that can discriminate metastatic from primary skin melanoma. </span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">These signatures also have high sensitivity (in case tumour is metastatic), and high specificity (in case the tumour is primary). </span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Using the expression of 17 key genes (messenger RNAs) it is now possible to distinguish primary and metastatic cutaneous melanoma, which is the most common type of skin cancer<strong>. </strong></span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">While 11 of the 17 genes have already been reported by other studies for cutaneous melanoma, it is for the first time that the potential role of remaining six genomic signatures in classifying samples as either primary or metastatic skin cutaneous cancer has been made.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Unlike in the case of primary skin melanoma, people with metastatic cutaneous melanoma have reduced survival rate and higher mortality rates.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">It therefore becomes important to be able to identify and classify skin cutaneous melanoma as either primary or metastatic so correct therapeutic strategies can be chalked out and survival rates can improve in patients.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Six machine learning models were used to study and validate the genomic signatures. </span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">They used expression profile of messenger RNA, micro RNA and methylation profile for discriminating tumour as primary or metastatic.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">While messenger RNA outperformed microRNA in discriminating the status of the tumour, a particular microRNA was found to be a strong predictor of metastatic melanoma.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The genomic signatures can also help in further categorising different stages of metastasis.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">It can tell if the tumour has spread to lymphatic nodes, which is an early stage of metastasis. Also, it can tell if the cancer has spread to distant parts of the body, which is a late stage of metastasis.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The researchers have further integrated the major prediction models in the webserver called CancerSPP that will help clinicians in classifying cutaneous melanoma as primary or metastatic using RNA sequence data, microRNA and methylation expression data.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The analysis module in the CancerSPP webserver will provide information on the role of each of the important genes in various stages of metastasis and whether the expression of a gene is up-regulated or down-regulated.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'machine-learning-model', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/96c1/tprvqaj0c3l1vwd6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/96c1/tprvqaj0c3l1vwd6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Machine learning model to determine spread of skin cancer', 'metakeyword' => 'Machine learning model to determine spread of skin cancer', 'metadescription' => 'The 17 genomic signatures, which help in identifying cancerous growth were found out using Machine learning model that can discriminate metastatic', 'author' => null, 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/aqxe7imimuk7xi9/Machine_learning_model_to_determine_spread_of_skin_cancer.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 12 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 3075, 'title' => 'Artificial Intelligence puts final notes on Beethoven’s tenth symphony', 'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">A team of musicologists and programmers is racing to complete a version of the piece of Beethoven’s incomplete tenth symphony using artificial intelligence.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The final result of the project will be performed by a full orchestra on April 28 next year in Bonn, a centrepiece of celebrations for a composer who defined the romantic era of classical music.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Beethoven began working on the Tenth Symphony alongside his Ninth, which includes the world-famous "Ode To Joy".But he quickly gave up on the Tenth, leaving only a few notes and drafts by the time he died aged 57.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In the project, machine-learning software has been fed all of Beethoven's work and is now composing possible continuations of the symphony in the composer's style.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Similar AI experiments based on works by Bach, Mahler and Schubert have been less than impressive.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Beethoven</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the classical and romantic eras in classical music, he remains one of the most recognized and influential musicians of this period, and is considered to be one of the greatest composers of all time.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Artificial Intelligence</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Artificial intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using the information), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions) and self-correction.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Applications</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Social welfare</strong></span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Goal of using AI to address socially relevant problems such as homelessness. Involves employing AI to tackle some of the world's greatest economic and social challenges.</span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Agriculture</strong></span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In agriculture new AI advancements show improvements in gaining yield and to increase the research and development of growing crops. New artificial intelligence now predicts the time it takes for a crop to be ripe and ready for picking thus increasing efficiency of farming along with quality parameters.</span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Aviation</strong></span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">It has use for artificial intelligence for surrogate operators for combat and training simulators, mission management aids, support systems for tactical decision making, and post processing of the simulator data into symbolic summaries.</span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Computer Science</strong></span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">AI researchers have created many tools to solve the most difficult problems in computer science. Many of their inventions have been adopted by mainstream computer science and are no longer considered a part of AI.</span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Education</strong></span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">AI tutors could allow for students to get extra, one-on-one help. They could also reduce anxiety and stress for some students, that may be caused by tutor labs or human tutors.</span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Trading</strong></span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Algorithmic trading involves the use of complex AI systems to make trading decisions at speeds several orders of magnitudes greater than any human is capable of.</span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Industries</strong></span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Robots have become common in many industries and are often given jobs that are considered dangerous to humans.</span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Hospitals and Medicines</strong></span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Artificial neural networks are used as clinical decision support systems for medical diagnosis.</span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Military</strong></span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The main military applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are to enhance Command and Control, Communications, Sensors, Integration and Interoperability.</span></span></p> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'artificial-intelligence-puts-final-notes', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/ef18/zhv2v90f1b7z2e26g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/ef18/zhv2v90f1b7z2e26g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Artificial Intelligence puts final notes on Beethoven’s', 'metakeyword' => 'Artificial Intelligence puts final notes on Beethoven’s tenth symphony', 'metadescription' => 'A team of musicologists and programmers is racing to complete a version of the piece of Beethoven’s incomplete tenth symphony using artificial intelligence.', 'author' => null, 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/wzerx45ngd2u4lv/Artificial_Intelligence_puts__final_notes.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 13 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 3257, 'title' => 'Google AI model beats humans in detecting breast cancer', 'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Google is developing artificial intelligence to help doctors identify breast cancer. The model, which scans X-ray images known as mammograms, reduces the number of false negatives by 9.4 percent.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Today, breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women, beat out only by lung cancer in its deadliness and overall prevalence. Early detection is the best defense most people have in identifying and treating the disease.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">While mammograms are the most common detection tool, they miss a large number of cases.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Researchers used anonymized mammograms from more than 25,000 women in the UK and 3,000 women in the US and tried to follow the same principles radiologists might follow.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The team first trained AI to scan X-ray images, then looked for signs of breast cancer by identifying changes in the breasts of the 28,000 women. </span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">They then checked the computer’s guesses against the women's’ actual medical outcomes.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Ultimately, they were able to reduce false negatives by 9.4 percent and cut down false positives by 5.7 percent for women in the US.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">In the UK, the model cut down false negatives by 2.7 percent and reduced false positives by 1.2 percent. </span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The model performs better than an individual radiologist in both the UK and the US.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">While researchers found that AI outperformed doctors in identifying breast cancer in most cases, there were also instances where doctors flagged cancer that the model originally missed.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Google has been trying to frame this project as one that will <em>help</em> radiologists, not replace them. Bringing the two together could strengthen the overall results.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> ', 'created_date' => object(Cake\I18n\FrozenDate) {}, 'posturl' => 'google-ai-model-beats-humans-in-detecting', 'image' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/51a2/5pveurabm21olmb6g.jpg', 'fbimage' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/convkey/51a2/5pveurabm21olmb6g.jpg', 'metatitle' => 'Google AI model beats humans in detecting breast cancer', 'metakeyword' => 'Google AI model beats humans in detecting breast cancer', 'metadescription' => 'Today, breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women, beat out only by lung cancer in its deadliness and overall prevalence.', 'author' => null, 'downlaodpdf' => 'https://www.mediafire.com/file/gquk32fhqgm0eop/Google_AI_model_beats_humans_in_detecting_breast_cancer.pdf/file', '[new]' => false, '[accessible]' => [ [maximum depth reached] ], '[dirty]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[original]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[virtual]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[errors]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[invalid]' => [[maximum depth reached]], '[repository]' => 'currentaffairs' }, (int) 14 => object(Cake\ORM\Entity) { 'tag' => 'Fourth Industrial Revolution', 'keyword' => '4th-industrial-revolution', 'id' => (int) 3369, 'title' => 'NEON: The Virtual Human', 'description' => '<p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Issue</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The first project of Samsung’s Star Labs, NEONs are being called the world’s first artificial humans. They look and behave like real humans, and could one day develop memories and emotions.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Background</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Star Labs is Samsung Technology & Advanced Research Labs (not to be confused with the fictional labs of DC Comics), an independent project funded by the Korean tech giant.</span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"> </p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Details</strong></span></span></p> <ul> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">NEONs are computationally created virtual humans — the word derives from NEO (new) + humaN. For now the virtual humans can show emotions when manually controlled by their creators.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">But the idea is for NEONs to become intelligent enough to be fully autonomous, showing emotions, learning skills, creating memories, and being intelligent on their own.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Star Labs started work on NEONs by trying to replicate a friend. Initially, the models were trained on his face, and there were significant errors. But then, they started getting better, almost indistinguishable from the original.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">There are two core technologies behind his virtual humans. First, there is the proprietary CORE R3 technology that drives the reality, real time and responsiveness behind NEONs.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">It is like a rendition engine, converting the mathematical models to look like actual humans. At the moment the latency for response is less than a few milliseconds.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">The next stage will be SPECTRA, which will complement CORE R3 with the spectrum of intelligence, learning, emotions and memory.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Company sees a world in which NEONs are the interface for technologies and services. They will answer your queries at a bank, welcome you at a restaurant, or read out the breaking news on television at an unearthly hour.</span></span></p> </li> </ul> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><strong>Virtual assistants and NEONs</strong></span></span></p> <p style="margin-right:0in"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Virtual Assistants now learn from all the data they are plugged into. NEONs will be limited to what they know and learn. 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For now the virtual humans can show emotions when manually controlled by their creators.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">But the idea is for NEONs to become intelligent enough to be fully autonomous, showing emotions, learning skills, creating memories, and being intelligent on their own.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">Star Labs started work on NEONs by trying to replicate a friend. Initially, the models were trained on his face, and there were significant errors. But then, they started getting better, almost indistinguishable from the original.</span></span></p> </li> <li> <p><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif">There are two core technologies behind his virtual humans. 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