- A type of aurora in Mars, which is in the form of lights occurring on the Red Planet, can help track water loss from the Red Planet's atmosphere.
- The phenomenon on Mars, called a proton aurora, happens during the day and gives off ultraviolet light.
- The proton aurora is generated indirectly by hydrogen derived from Martian water which is in the process of being lost to space.
- The summer warming and dust activity seem to cause proton auroras by forcing water vapour high in the atmosphere.